HA TIEN - Cochinchina

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NAMARCEL BERNANOISE¹

Kwepanyama uye kwehupfumi Geography

     Guta guru repurovhinzi ye Hatien [Hà Tiên] iri pamusuwo pegomo risingashamisi, paGulf reSiam, kuchamhembe-kumadokero kwemahombekombe eCochin-China, uye 6km kubva kumuganhu weCambodian. Iyo nhare yekare yePhao Dai [Pháo Đài], inenge 1km kure (zvino chashandurwa kuita bungalow) yakagarwa nemauto eAnnamite nemauto eFrance. Iyo ndeimwe yemhando dzakanaka dzeudunhu, uye yekuwana nyore mota dzose. Vari munzira kuenda Kampot, 3,5O0km kubva Hatien [Hà Tiên], idombo rakakura rinozivikanwa seBonnet poil (iyo Bhasi). A grotto yakatemwa kubva padombo, uye yakashandurwa kuva pagoda, inonzi Chua Hang [Chùa Hang], kana Tien Mwanakomana Tu [Tiên Sơn Tự]. Iyi grotto inowanzoitwa nekuti iri munzira, uye kunyanya nekuda kwekuremekedzwa kwakapihwa nemupristi wakanaka anotarisira. Makiromita mana kubva kuguta guru, kusvika kumuganhu weCambodia, iro dombo guru, rakadanwa Mui Nai [Mũi Nai], juts mugungwa. Imba-yakarebera imba yezita rimwe chete yakavakirwa pane yayo summit. Kunyangwe iwo mahombekombe e Mui Nai [Mũi Nai] inoumbwa nejecha rakasviba, inowanzowanzoitika nekuda kwekuti iri padyo nedhorobha guru, uye nekuda kwemamiriro akanaka emugwagwa unoenda kwairi. Sezvo migero yemvura iri pedyo neguta guru inouya kubva kune matsime emarara, vagari vemo Hatien [Hà Tiên] aizoona zvisingaiti kugara imomo, dai mvura yakachena isina kuwanikwa nehunyanzvi hwemunhu. Kune chokwadi, muguta guru, nyanza hombe, inonzi Lotus dziva [Ao Sen], akacherwa muna 1715 na Mac Cuu [Mạc Cửu] hurumende, yakaiswa pamberi pechikomo zvakanaka. Iri dziva, kana dura, chiyeuchidzo chinoyevedza kune chinotaridzika chinzvimbo cheChinese, anozadzwa nemvura inouya zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga kubva kuzvikomo, uye inopa, mukati megore rose, mvura yekunwa yakakodzera yevanogara. Padivi pechengetedzo iyi itembere, uye zvidhoma zvinoitwa katatu pagore mukuremekedza iye akatanga uye anobatsira weProvince, achibatanidza akatendeka wedunhu. 5km kubva kumukuru tami, akananga kumaodzanyemba, ndiye dunhu ra Honchong [Hòn Chong]. Dunhu iri rine mahombekombe akanaka, anoyevedza nzvimbo, uye grottoes, sekuda kuziva sezvo akakosha, uye zvakakodzera kushanya. The Hang Tien [Hang Tiền] (mari grotto), zita rinorangarira kune Annamitcs nhoroondo yekurangarira, iri mugero wakakura wakazaruka kugungwa, uye wakatemwa padombo renzvimbo yedombo iri padyo nemhenderekedzo (25km kubva kuguta guru reHatien [Hà Tiên]. Iyi grotto yakanga yamboshanda soutiziro kuna tateguru wedzinza raMambo Nguyen [Nguyễn], Emperor Gialong [Gia Long], paingova iye muchinda asina kushata, mupoteri, aivhimwa na MaTayons [Tây Sơn]. Mari dzekare dze zinc dzakabikwa dzakawanikwa, dzinowanikwa kumuchinda uyu, uyo akazviitira mauto ake, saka zita Hang Tien [Hang Tiền] (mari yakawanda kana "mari").

     Iyo pagoda ine zita mbiri "Chua Hang"[Chùa Hang] uye"Hai Mwanakomana Tu"[Hải Sơn Tự] imwezve gomo riri mugomo rinobuda uye rinouya" slab "yenzvimbo yepasirese. Mariri mune maviri makuru enoshamisa zvifananidzo zveBhudda. Sezvineiwo vakagadziridzwa nevaCambodians, asi pane chirevo chinoreva basa iri kune mumwe muchinda weSiamese, uyo akakwezva nekunaka kwenzvimbo iyi, mazana emakore apfuura.

     Iro rakava rakakura pamwe negwenzi uye hugaro hwezvikara, uye rakasiiwa kwenguva yakareba. Anenge makore gumi nemaviri apfuura, mumwe wekare An Aniteite Bhuddist mupristi akaidzora kubva musango, ndokuiita kuti igare zvachose. Iyo pagoda inocherechedzwa nemumwe muporofita wekare Annamite, uyo anoita basa kanna pagore, achikwevera vafambi vazhinji vakatendeka. Zvinoitwa muna Kukadzi, Kurume, Nyamavhuvhu naNovember. Iyi grotto-pagoda, 12km, kubva kune kutumwa kwe Honchong [Hòn Chong], inowanikwa neyekutakura uye mota mota yezvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zveayo nzvimbo. Iyo inowanikwa munzvimbo inoshamisa kwazvo pamhenderekedzo inonakidza yejecha regoridhe. Tvo matombo, anonzi hon Phu Tu [h Pn Phu Tử] (baba nemwanakomana) idzo dziri mugungwa, dzinoshanda sevhenekeri kumabvazuva, uye dzipo kuti dzigadzire, neiyo grotto, diki diki yakachengetedzwa nzvimbo yejunks iyo inotevera kutengeserana kwemahombekombe eGulf yeSiam. Pamhenderekedzo dzeChimwe nechimwe, 3km munzira yekubva Hatien [Hà Tiên] kusvika Honchong [Hòn Chong], ndiye Mo So grotto, yakafanana neiyo yakaita kuti bay yeAlong ichengetwe zvakadaro. Yakavharwa nemafungu mazana emakore apfuura, pasi pegomo renzita rimwechete, rine makamuri matatu akakomberedzwa nemadziro anotyisa, uye nzvimbo yeimwe yekamuri iyi yakakwira kwazvo, zvekuti vanhu vanotarisa kokutanga vanobatwa. nekusagadzikana.

     Mahwendefa, mazana emamita mazana marefu, akachekwa mumatumbu egomo, gadzira fomu rebhurutsu, inokurudzira kufarira kwakasimba. Hazvigoneke kupinda aya mabharani musina mwenje uye gwara, kana munhu achida kudzivisa kurasika. Inogona kushanyirwa nepirogue diki (mhuru) mumwaka wokunaya, uye netsoka mumwaka wokupisa. Pakupedzisira, mahombekombe e Bai Dau [B'ai Dâu], inodanwa nekuda kwemafuta emiti-inomera ipapo, imwe yemahombekombe emahombekombe muCochin-China. Makiromita makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu pakureba pakati pegungwa nehuremu hwesango, 20km kureba, uye yakachena kwazvo uye yero jecha, inotarisana nepanorama isina kujairika runoumbwa nezvakawanda zvakasvibirira zviwi zvinosaswa pamusoro pegungwa. Shure kwemahombekombe, mutsara wemafirao unomuparadzanisa nemugwagwa wekutakura unofamba nehurefu hwawo, pasi pechitsiko checheni yematombo akavezwa e Binh Tri [Bình Trị] iyo inoumbwa rwatakanaka mhenderekedzo, uye kuwedzera nhoroondo yemusango asi nerunyararo runako. Dzinoverengeka mota nzeve masevhisi Hatien [Hà Tiên] na Pnom Penh [Phôm Pênh] uye Chaudoc [Châu Đốc]. Vashanyi vanokwanisa zvakare kufamba nemvura kubva kuChaudoe kuenda kuHatien, kana negungwa pamutsetse weSaigon-Bangkok uyo unomira pa Honchong [Hòn Chong], Hatien [Hà Tiên] uye Phuquoc [Phú Quốc]. Migwagwa yemakutu enzeve zvese zvine simbi uye inochengetwa kumusoro. Hatien [Hà Tiên] yakabatana neKep, Kampot, Chaudoc [Châu Đốc], Tora uye Pnom Penh [Phôm Pênh] byroads, uye zvinoteera kuti imwe ean inofamba ne motor nzeve kubva Hatien [Hà Tiên] kusvika Saigon [Sài Gòn], uyezve kumaguta makuru eCochin-China.

Kubata uye Kubata

     The Province of Hatien [Hà Tiên] ine makomo uye izere nemasango, uye kuvhima kunogona kuteedzerwa kwese kupi. Asi mutambo unonyanya kuwanda munharaunda or Honchong [Hòn Chong] uye Duong Dong [Dương Đông] (Phuquoc [Phú Quốc]. Matatya, mhuka dzesango, nyowani, nyati, mhuka nhema, mhou, tiger, panthers etc. Dzinosangana musango re Hatien [Hà Tiên].

    Kubata kuri kutenderera nezvitsuwa, mungava nemitsetse kana nemambure. Zvitsuwa zvinoumba chitsuwa che Binh Tri [Bình Trị] nevari pa Phuquoc [Phú Quốc] anofungidzirwa kuve nzvimbo dzakanakisa dzekuraura.

     Kune imwechete bungalow mukati Hatien [Hà Tiên], mune chiet taundi pa Phao Dai [Pháo Đài] (inongova nemakamuri mana. Iko hakuna nzvimbo yekuzorora kumba kwekugara kana kune vamiririri. Zvigadzirwa zvakawoma kuwana kana uchifamba. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti utakure zvinotonhora painenge ichiita nzendo. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa pazuva rimwe chete, uye pakutangazve, munhu anogara aine chokwadi chekugara uye chekudya paBungalow kutown chiet chiri pasi pekutungamira kwe Hatien [Hà Tiên] chitsuwa chakakosha che Phuquoc [Phú Quốc], yakakura seMartinique (50.000 hektares), uye chiet dhorobha rayo inonzi Duong Dong [Dương Đông], yakakosha nzvimbo yekuredza, uye inozivikanwa muIndo-China uye kunyange neSiam, yekugadzira nuoc-mam [nước mắm]. Phuquoc [Phú Quốc] akapiwa iyo TSF positi pa Duong Dong [Dương Đông]. Inosvikwa neanoroya Maurice Long, asi Phuquoc [Phú Quốc] haana bungalow. Imba yemunzvimbo inogona kucherechedzwa nevafambi kana vakanyorera munguva yakanaka kumukuru wezvematunhu.

BANISA TU THƯ
1 / 2020

CHERECHEDZA:
1: Marcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Painter, akaberekerwa muValenciennes - dunhu rekuchamhembe kweFrance. Pfupiso yehupenyu nebasa:
+ 1905-1920: Kushanda muIndochina uye mutariri webasa kunaGavhuna weIndochina;
+ 1910: Mudzidzisi kuFar East Chikoro cheFrance;
+ 1913: Kudzidzira hunyanzvi hwendudzi uye kuburitsa huwandu hwezvinyorwa zveunyanzvi;
+ 1920: Akadzokera kuFrance akaronga kuratidzira kwehunyanzvi muNancy (1928), Paris (1929) - mifananidzo yepanyika nezveLorraine, Pyrenees, Paris, Midi, Villefranche-sur-mer, Saint-Tropez, Ytalia, pamwe nezvimwe zviyeuchidzo. kubva kuFar East;
+ 1922: Kuburitsa mabhuku pamusoro peKushongedza Kwehunyanzvi muTonkin, Indochina;
+ 1925: Won mubairo mukuru paColonial Exhibition muMarseille, uye akabatana nemugadziri wePavillon de l'Indochine kugadzira seti yezvinhu zvemukati;
+ 1952: Anofa aine makore makumi masere nemasere uye anosiya huwandu hukuru hwepende nemifananidzo;
+ 2017: Musangano wake wokupenda wakatanga kubudiswa nevazukuru vake.

References:
"Bhuku"LA COCHINCHINE”- Marcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [Hong Duc] Vaparidzi, Hanoi, 2018.
◊  wikipedia.org
◊ Akashinga uye akatsanangura mazwi eVietnamese akaiswa mukati memakotesheni mavara - akaiswa naBan Tu Thu.

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