BIEN HOA - Cochinchina
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NAMARCEL BERNANOISE1
I. Zvepanyama Geography
KUTONGA
The Province of Bienhoa [Biên Hoà] inosungwa kuchamhembe neushe hweCambodia, kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva uye kumadokero, nematunhu e Baria [Bà Rịa] uye Giadinh [Gia Định], kumabvazuva, neumambo hweAnanite, uye kumadokero, nematunhu e Thudaumot [Thủ Đầu Một] uye Giadinh [Gia Định]. Iyo ine kureba kwe110 km uye yakafara 90 km. Maodzanyemba-kumavirira uye maodzanyemba-kumavirazuva Bienhoa [Biên Hoà] ivhu rinoumbwa negrey pasi, yejecha guruva sub-ivhu, uye kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva uye kumabvazuva-kumaodzanyemba kumabvazuva kune ruvara (ferruginous ivhu- rakawandisa. Rwizi rwakanyanya kukosha Dong Nai [Nang Nai], kune kunanga kuchamhembe pabani re Lang Biang [Liang Biang] (Annam [An Nam]. Mushure mekufamba nenyika yakazvimiririra yeMois uye nemasango akaomeswa, uye nekuita yakawa yakawandisa isingasviki, inopinda muCochin-China neMois canton ye Binh Tuy [Bình Tuy] (Bienhoa [Biên Hoà]).
NZIRA DZEMABHUKU
Kunze kwenzira dzemvura, mudunhu ra Bienhoa [Biên Hoà] ine nzira yakawedzera nzira, ichipa nzira dziri nyore dzekukurukurirana pakati penzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeColony, pamwe nenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzedunhu. Iko kune zvakare chiteshi chechitima kubva Saigon [Saigon] Phanthiet [Phan Thiet] iyo inoyambuka hurefu hwese hwepurovhinzi, chinhambwe chinopfuura 100km.
ZVINONYANYA KUNYANYA - NZVIMBO DZENYAYA
Iine nzvimbo yakanaka kwazvo, masango ayo akazara nemitambo, iyo nzvimbo ye Bienhoa [Biên Hoà] inofarira kwazvo vashanyi nevatambi vemitambo. Misoro mikuru ndeiyi: "Nhunzi dze." Trian [Trị An] (35 km kubva muguta guru uye 65 km kubva Saigon [Sài Gòn]), apo imba yekuzorora yakavakwa, pasi pekutarisirwa uye nemutengo wedunhu. Nzvimbo dzemitambo uye yekuvhima ndidzo: Kumabvazuva, iyo Xuanloc [Xuan Loc] matunhu eNui Chuachan [Chua Chan Mountain], savannahs dze Lagna [La Ngà], kuchamhembe-kumadokero pa Binh [Bình] nenzvimbo dzayo.
II. Yekutonga Geography
Dunhu iri rinosanganisira Annamite makoroni, akaganhurirwa mumisha zana nemazana matanhatu, uye 115 maMois cantons ane makumi mana emisha. Huwandu hwevagari ve7 vagari vemo vanosvika mazana maviri nemashanu vekuEuropean, ma45 maAnnamites, 132000 Mois, 125 Chinese etc.
BIEN HOA
Guta guru repurovhinzi, 30 km kubva Saigon [Saigon], kurudyi kurwizi Donai [Nang Nai]. Wese matavi ebasa rezvekutonga anomiririrwa pano. Iyo ine vedare redare nemasimba mazhinji. Kambani yemararpshooters ari muno mumahara, uye yechipiri mauto eIdo- Chinese Air Service inonyudzwa mu Binh Thanh [Binh Thanh] kubvira 1923.
III. Ehupfumi Geography
AGRICULTURE, Rice
Izvo zvakambotaurwa kuti ivhu ra Bienhoa [Biên Hoà] haina kukodzera kwazvo pakurimwa kwemupunga. Kungoita mahekita 30000 epasi pano ari kushandisa riee-minda. Dunhu reBienhoa nenzvimbo yakakura yevhu tsvuku rakaorera, mune makore mashoma, vachatungamira mukudyarwa kwehevea chirimwa chekugadzirwa kwerabha. Anopfuura 32000 mahekita akave anopihwa kumakambani evaridzi vehevea. Iyoyo nzvimbo chaiyo yakasimwa inopfuura 8500 mahekita, uye huwandu hwemiti hwakatemwa kana kutemwa hunofungidzirwa kuva 795.553. Muna 1924 kugadzirwa kwerabha yakaoma rakava anopfuura matani 1.500. Iyo rubber krissis yapfuura, makambani aya akatendeudza zvakare pfungwa yavo yekushandisa nzvimbo yavo yekudyara uye kuwedzera nzvimbo yavo uye upkeep.
KURIMA KWAKASIYANA - MBESA DZINODZIDZWA
Nzvimbo yepamusoro-soro yakachengeterwa masango aya ndeye 1.500 mahekita, ayo mahekita 800 akatoshanda.
SUGAR CANE ZVIRWERE
Aya anogara mahekita 1.100 uye ari mumakangi ekuchamhembe nekumaodzanyemba kweprovince.
KABHAGE PALMS
1.700 mahekita epasi ari kurimwa, neyakagadzirwa pagore mazana matanhatu nemakumi matanhatu emakiromita. Mimwe minda yakasimwa yakakosha ndeye: Kofi, fodya, mapine-apuro, Arachides (pasi-nzungu), miti yemichero nemiriwo.
komesi
Iko kune kwakanyanya kwakasimba kwekutengeserana chiitiko muprovince. Kunze kwekuchinjana kwezvigadzirwa zvinopedzwa mudunhu, traffic mumatanda inotora chinzvimbo chakakosha. Masango eBienhoa anopa marudzi ese emiti (trac, cam-lai, dzakasiyana-siyana mhando dzekuenda, sao, dau nezvimwe.) uye matanda anodzvanywa neemaindasitiri nzanga uye vanhu, vanoshandisa nzira dzakaiswa nesimbi kugovera zvavanotengesa mune mamwe maprovince eCochin-China. Chechipiri, girini uye garoo kukwikwidza kwakakosha kuitisa kukosha.
INDUSTRY
Iyo indasitiri yemasango yakaverengerwa, muna 1923, yekutengeserana kwakakosha kunotevera: 47.000 cubic metres yehuni-moto, 11.000 cubic metres emapuranga ekuvaka, 5.000 cubic metres emapuranga ekuveza, zana nemakumi maviri nematatu emarasha, matani zana nemakumi matatu epirology. Kambani nyowani ichangobva kuumbwa, iyo "Indo-Chinese Forest Co" At Rwiyo Dinh [Sông Dinh], kumabvazuva kweruwa, padhuze ne Annam [An], kushandisa bhiza rekutengesa matanda, pamwe nekuiswa kwemazuva ano (saw-mills-steam nemagetsi mota, "zvinyoro Decauville", nezvimwe.. Iko kune Chinese distillery paBinh Truoc. Icho chinobuditswa pagore chinosvika 400 kusvika ku450.000 marita ewaini yedoro.
ZVINOGONESESWA ZVESUGA ZVEMAHARA
Kune makumi matatu nemakumi matatu nenzvimbo nzvimbo dzinochenesa, idzo dzinongoshanda chete mukati menguva yekukohwa nzimbe. Iko kune weaver weChinese mumusha weBinh Truoc ane kambani diki yekotoni indasitiri inobuda pamwedzi ye330 metres yezvinhu. Iyo ndeye yakajairika mhando uye inotengeswa ku Bienhoa [Biên Hoà], Saigon [Saigon] uye Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn]. Iyi burashi fekitari, ndeye yaM. Prevot, iripo Phuoc Ly [Phước Lý].
NZIRA DZOKUDZIDZA
Izvi zvakare zvakawandisa. Kunze kwe Saigon [Saigon] - Phanthiet [Phan Thiet], iyo inomhanyisa kashanu pazuva, ikoko nekudzoka, kune gumi nerimwe gumi neimwe yeruzhinji mota mota services. Kune rimwe divi, hapana vapfuuri vanopinda mupurovhinzi. Zvikepe uye mabhawa ekufambisa ezvakasiyana zvigadzirwa, zvegirini, laterite, pottery, zviyo, michero, zviri kushandiswa kusvika kuhuwandu hwe1.700 dzakasiyana muhukuru.
IV. Nhoroondo
(…) Saka Bienhoa [Biên Hoà] yakakundwa naIshe we Hue [Hue] (Annam [An Nam]) Nguyen Hieu Vuong [Nguyễn Hiếu Vương], mukutonga kwamambo Kupfuura Ton [Lê Thánh Tôn] (1648-1663) uye colonic nevagari vemuQuang Nam [Quang Nam], Quang Ngai [Quảng Ngui] naNinh Binh [Ninh Binh]. Towards 1705, colony iyi yakawedzera nekusvika kwaChinamam, marara euto pasi peGeneral Duong Ngan Lich [Dương Ngân Lịch]. Nerubatsiro rwevafambi ava vanokosha, nyika yakajekeswa ndokurimwa. Kutengeserana neindasitiri zvakafamba zvishoma, uye musha weBan Lan wakava nzvimbo yakakosha yekutengeserana, inowanzoitwa nengarava dzekutengesa dzenyika dzakasiyana siyana, dzaikwira Dong Nai [Nang Nai] kuchinjanisa vatengesi vavo. Bienhoa- [Kuziva Biên Hoà] Tinh anga ari wevaAnnamites kusvika zuva rekugara kwaro nevaFrance muna 1861. Mukutonga kwechiFrench, Bienhoa Tinh [Kuziva Biên Hoàyakaumbwa matunhu matatu: Baria [Bà Rịa], Bienhoa [Biên Hoà], Thudaumot [Thủ Đầu Một].
BANISA TU THƯ
12 / 2019
CHERECHEDZA:
1: Marcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Painter, akaberekerwa muValenciennes - dunhu rekuchamhembe kweFrance. Pfupiso yehupenyu nebasa:
+ 1905-1920: Kushanda muIndochina uye mutariri webasa kunaGavhuna weIndochina;
+ 1910: Mudzidzisi kuFar East Chikoro cheFrance;
+ 1913: Kudzidzira hunyanzvi hwendudzi uye kuburitsa huwandu hwezvinyorwa zveunyanzvi;
+ 1920: Akadzokera kuFrance akaronga kuratidzira kwehunyanzvi muNancy (1928), Paris (1929) - mifananidzo yepanyika nezveLorraine, Pyrenees, Paris, Midi, Villefranche-sur-mer, Saint-Tropez, Ytalia, pamwe nezvimwe zviyeuchidzo. kubva kuFar East;
+ 1922: Kuburitsa mabhuku pamusoro peKushongedza Kwehunyanzvi muTonkin, Indochina;
+ 1925: Won mubairo mukuru paColonial Exhibition muMarseille, uye akabatana nemugadziri wePavillon de l'Indochine kugadzira seti yezvinhu zvemukati;
+ 1952: Anofa aine makore makumi masere nemasere uye anosiya huwandu hukuru hwepende nemifananidzo;
+ 2017: Musangano wake wokupenda wakatanga kubudiswa nevazukuru vake.
References:
"Bhuku"LA COCHINCHINE”- Marcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [Hong Duc] Vaparidzi, Hanoi, 2018.
◊ wikipedia.org
◊ Akashinga uye akatsanangura mazwi eVietnamese akaiswa mukati memakotesheni mavara - akaiswa naBan Tu Thu.
ONA ZVAKAWANDA:
◊ CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Chikamu 1
◊ CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Chikamu 2
◊ SAIGON - La Cochinchine
◊ GIA DINH - La Cochinchine
◊ COCHINCHINA