BAC LIEU - Cochinchina

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NAMARCEL BERNANOISE¹

I. Panyama Geograph

     The Province of Baclieu [Bạc Liêu] iri pakati pe8 ° 30 kusvika 9 ° 30 latitude kuchamhembe, uye 102 ° 20 uye 104 ° akareba kumabvazuva. Yakasungirirwa kuchamhembe nedunhu re Soctrang [Sóc Trăng] uye Rachgia [Rạch Giá], kumaodzanyemba neEast Sea, kumadokero neGungwa reSiam, uye kumabvazuva zvakare neEast Sea. Iyo inovhara nzvimbo yepamusoro yepamusoro pe720.000 mahekita uye ine huwandu hwevanhu 179.316, yakagadzirwa seinotevera: French uye yakasarudzika French 107; vamwe veEuropean 2; hafu-kubereka French French 66; Annamites kubva kuCochin-China 131.877; Annamites kubva Annam [An Nam], Tonkin uye Cambodia 1.328; Minh Huong [Minh Hương] 11.094; Chinese 9.285; VaCambodian 25.452; Malay 55; MaIndia makumi mashanu neshanu, huwandu hwevanhu vanosvika 56 vagari. Nyika inodiridzwa na Rach Baclieu [Rạch Bạc Liêu], iyo Rach Mythanh [Rạch Mỹ Thanh], iro Rach Cai Huu [Rạch Cái Hữu] uye Camau [Cà Mau] canal. Iko kune shanu nzira huru mupurovhinzi: Yekutanga kubva Baclieu [Bạc Liêu] kugungwa neAntrach kota, yechipiri kubva Baclieu [Bạc Liêu] Ngano [Mỹ Thạnh] nemusha we Vinhchau [Vĩnh Châu], iyo Baclieu [Bạc Liêu] nzira inoenda Gia Hoi [Gia Hội], iyo Baclieu [Bạc Liêu] nzira inoenda Phong Thanh [Phong Thạnh]Giarai [Gia Rai]) pamwe neCamau canal, nzira yeBaclieu inoenda kuSoctrang (makiromita makumi matatu nematanhatu). Nzvimbo pfupi yapfuura nzira yeku Phong Thanh Camau [Cà Mau] zvapera. Icho chinhambwe kubva Baclieu [Bạc Liêu] Saigon [Sài Gòn] nenzira yekoloni N ° 16 iri 270km. Dunhu iri rinoshandiswawo nezvikepe zve “Messageries fluviales”. Baclieu [Bạc Liêu] ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinokosha dzemupunga kumadokero. Akanamatira kuna Baclieu [Bạc Liêu] ndiko kutumwa kwe Camau [Cà Mau]… iri kumaodzanyemba kwekumusoro kweCochin-China, uye yakadzikira kuchamhembe ne Rachgia [Rạch Giá], kumaodzanyemba neEast Sea, kumabvazuva neruwa rwe Baclieu [Bạc Liêu], uye kumavirira neGulf reSiam. Zvitsuwa zvePoulo Obi, kumaodzanyemba kwenzvimbo dzakanyanyisa peninsula, zvinovimba nenzvimbo pa Baclieu [Bạc Liêu]. Hazvigarwi. Iwo akafukidzwa nemasango ane akakosha zvinyorwa. Imba-yakavheneka yakagadziriswa inokwirisa vafambisi vechikepe kuti vapamhidze poindi iyi Camau [Cà Mau] pasina njodzi. Munzvimbo yakakwana yepamusoro, anenge ma40.000 mahekita akakosha. Rutivi rwakazara rwenyika yacho ipani rakakura kwazvo rakapiswa, rakafukidzwa nemasango e "Traum”[Trầm] uye“Gia”[Giá], ichigadzira nyuchi-nyuchi nehuchi, kana nzvimbo hombe, isingabereki, inopindirana pano nepapo nemadziva ane hosha. Ivhu, rinova rechinyakare maumbirwo kupfuura Delta ye Mekong [Mê Kông], inoumbwa nekudzoka zvishoma nezvishoma kwemvura yeGulf yeSiam. Uku kufamba kwemvura inodzikira kunofanirwa kunge kwanga kuri kusingawanzoitika, nekuti pakati pekufunga kwekupedzisira kweBassac neiyo yeGulf, kune kushungurudzika kukuru kwepakati, nguva dzose kuri pasi pemvura, irwo rudzi rwechitungwiza rinounganidza iro rizodarika mvura kubva munzizi panguva maodzanyemba-easterly Monsoons. Nzvimbo iyi ine marshy, pamwe yakafukidzwa na “Traum”[Trầm] masango uye ayo anogona kufananidzwa ne" Mapani eJones "anonzi zvakanyanya nevanhu veko"Lang-Bien"[Lặng Biển] (gungwa rakadzikama. Pano ndipo panowana munhu tsime remakona emvura akajeka anopfuura nepakati penzvimbo yacho uye inoumbisa yakanakisa hydrographical network Camau [Cà Mau] ndiye anonyanya kukosha. Nehurombo nzizi idzi, nemvura yadzo yakasviba kubva kuora kwechinhu chakasvibirira miriwo yemasango, dzinozadzwa nespain, iyo zvishoma nezvishoma inogadzira zvipinganidzo pamuromo wenzizi. Mahombekombe anoita kunge akakwirirwa nejecha. The mamiriro okunze Baclieu [Bạc Liêu] hutano. Kuva pedyo pedyo negungwa (4km mutsetse wakananga) kupisa kuchinjaniswa nemhepo mhepo gore rese. Nenzira isingafadzi izvo zvakafanana hazvigone kutaurwa nezvazvo Camau [Cà Mau]. Mamwe madenda ane njodzi mumatunhu ane marshy epeninshela, pakupera kweMonsoon mwaka, fivha hutachiona.

II. Yekutonga Geography

     The Province of Baclieu [Bạc Liêu] rakakamurwa kuva matunhu mana, kana zvikamu zvekutonga: Camau [Cà Mau], Giarai [Gia Rai], Vinhloi [Vĩnh Lợi] (guta guru) uye Vinhchau [Vĩnh Châu]. Dunhu re Camau [Cà Mau] iri pasi pevamiriri veEuropean, vamwe vanotongwa ne Doc Phu Su [Đốc Phủ Sứ], Phu [Phủ] kana vanotiza [Huyện]. Kunze kweguta guru re Vinhloi [Vĩnh Lợi], kune dzimwe nharaunda dzinokosha kushanya. Iyi ndiyo misha ya Vinhchau [Vĩnh Châu], nzvimbo yakapfuma, inogarwa nevanhu vecanton ye Thanhhung [Thạnh Hưng], Laihoa nezvirimwa zvayo zvakanaka, iyo mhenderekedzo ye Wangu Thanh [Mỹ Thạnh], Longthanh [Long Thành], Hoabinh [Hoà Bình], musha unowedzera kunaka zuva nezuva, Anxuyen [An Xuyên]pakati peCamau [Cà Mau] uko munhu anogona kuyemura mafuro makuru enzizi dze  Rwiyo Ong Doc [Sông Ông Đốc], nezvimwe.

III. Ehupfumi Geography

     Mupunga wakasimwa yakawanda yepasi unogona kushandiswa nechinangwa ichi. The port of Camau [Cà Mau] ine yakakosha yemumakungwa traffic ne Bangkok [Băng Kốc], Hainan [Hải Nam] uye Singapore. Camau [Cà Mau] inopa mikana yakanakisa yetsika sango, huchi uye nyuchi-wax inowanikwa muhuwandu hwakawanda uye inoumba bhizimusi rakakosha. Asi nekujeka kuri kuramba kuchiita ivhu, nyuchi dziri kusiya dunhu rino kuti dziwane mamwe masango. Marasha a Camau [Cà Mau] inonyanya kudiwa, uye inoonekwa semhando yepamusoro muCochin-China. Zvakakosha huwandu hwunotumirwa zvese pamusoro pekoloni, kunyangwe kuCambodia. The Camau [Cà Mau] kuburitsa ingangoita makumi mashanu emakumi mashanu emadhora uye inoshandisa mazana mana ezvidhinha zvinoshandiswa neChina neAnnamites. Camau [Cà Mau] inopawo gore rimwe nerimwe zviuru zvishanu zvemakubhiti emamita akasiyana-siyana tinctorial bark uye 5.000 CM yematani echino kubva pamarudzi akasiyana siyana emangrove. Hove dzakakosha zvakanyanya uye dzinoumbira kutengeserana kukuru kune China. Pakupedzisira iyo-mats-yakagadzirwa mumusha we Tan Duyet [Tân Duyệt] vari mukuda kwazvo. Iyi indasitiri inogara chete vakadzi nevadiki vasikana, uye isingakwanise kuwedzera, pane zvinopesana, iyo inoderera sezvo pasi rinobviswa rushes, uye rakagadzirirwa kurimwa. Mhuka dzakafanana dzinowanikwa pano sedzimwe nzvimbo muCochin-China nguruve uye nyati predominate, nzombe hadziwanzoonekwa. Kune akawanda mutambo mudunhu reBaclieu, nyati, mhuka dzesango, teal, pelicans, hares, dhiri, shiri, marabout, heron. Nzvimbo dzakanaka dzekuvhima dzinowanikwa mumatangi e Thanhoa [Thanh Hoá] uye Thanhhung [Thạnh Hưng], uye mukatoni ka Longthuy [Thuỷ Yakareba] (heron, dhadha).

BANISA TU THƯ
1 / 2020

CHERECHEDZA:
1: Marcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Painter, akaberekerwa muValenciennes - dunhu rekuchamhembe kweFrance. Pfupiso yehupenyu nebasa:
+ 1905-1920: Kushanda muIndochina uye mutariri webasa kunaGavhuna weIndochina;
+ 1910: Mudzidzisi kuFar East Chikoro cheFrance;
+ 1913: Kudzidzira hunyanzvi hwendudzi uye kuburitsa huwandu hwezvinyorwa zveunyanzvi;
+ 1920: Akadzokera kuFrance akaronga kuratidzira kwehunyanzvi muNancy (1928), Paris (1929) - mifananidzo yepanyika nezveLorraine, Pyrenees, Paris, Midi, Villefranche-sur-mer, Saint-Tropez, Ytalia, pamwe nezvimwe zviyeuchidzo. kubva kuFar East;
+ 1922: Kuburitsa mabhuku pamusoro peKushongedza Kwehunyanzvi muTonkin, Indochina;
+ 1925: Won mubairo mukuru paColonial Exhibition muMarseille, uye akabatana nemugadziri wePavillon de l'Indochine kugadzira seti yezvinhu zvemukati;
+ 1952: Anofa aine makore makumi masere nemasere uye anosiya huwandu hukuru hwepende nemifananidzo;
+ 2017: Musangano wake wokupenda wakatanga kubudiswa nevazukuru vake.

References:
"Bhuku"LA COCHINCHINE”- Marcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [Hong Duc] Vaparidzi, Hanoi, 2018.
◊  wikipedia.org
Old Bold uye italicized mazwi eVietnamese akavharirwa mukati memakotesheni - akaiswa naBan Tu Thu - gvanevachar.com

ONA ZVAKAWANDA:
◊  CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Chikamu 1
◊  CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Chikamu 2
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◊ nezvimwewo.