TECHNIQUE yeVANHU VANHU - Chikamu 3: Ndiani HENRI OGER (1885 - 1936)?
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MURI KUtsvaga KWEMUNA
HUNG NGUYEN MANH
Batanidza Profesa, Chiremba weNhoroondo
Nick zita: bhiza rakatakura mumusha weyunivhesiti
Peni zita: ngoko
3.1 ndiani Henri Oger 1885 - 1936?
3.1.1 Kupindira kweFrance
a. Nhasi, vanhu veVietnamese havachaone, kunyangwe iyo silhouette, yevatorwa coloniesist paivetnamese nyika. Zvinogona kungoonekwa chete kuburikidza nemapeji ekare emabhuku enhoroondo kana kuburikidza nekutsvagurudza mabhuku akadai saBulletin de l'école Française d'Extrême-Orient (Far-Eastern French Chikoro), Bulletin de la Société des Étuding Indochinoises, Bulletin of the Society for Indochinese Study), Bulletin des Amis du Vieux Huế (Shamwari dzeOld Huế Bulletin), kana iyo Publication de IInstitut Indochinois anodururira l'étude de l'homme (kuburitswa kweIndochinese Institute for the Study yeMurume)…, Kana kuburikidza nemagwaro ekutsvagisa nezvezvinhu, zvetsika, uye nehupenyu hwemweya hwevanhu vechiVietnamese vaive vasiya vekoloni vechiFrench. Pakati pezvinyorwa zvakadaro, mamwe acho haana kungosimbisa kuvapo kwevadzidzi vechiFrench vazhinji kubva makore anoda kusvika zana, asi akasimbisawo kuvepo kwevazhinji vapirisita veRoman Catholic nemamishinari kubvira mazana emakore apfuura "Basa revaJesuits muTonkin" (*), uye nekufambira mberi kukuru kwakaitika mukushandurwa kwevasingatendi kuti kuna Mwari Katurike kubva pa1627 kusvika 1646 ”.
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(*) Dunhu rinotongwa naIshe Trịnh kubva Đèo Ngang kuenda kuNorth VN
b. Vaprisita nemamishinari vese havana kungofamba netsoka munzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba dzekuSouth neNorth Vietnam, asi ivo vakapindawo munzvimbo dzine makomo senge nyaya dze Mufundisi baba Savina uyo akadzidza hushoma hwemadzinza mudunhu reNyakatho makomo uye munzvimbo yeSino-Vietnamese the Mufundisi baba Cadière, avo kunze kwezvidzidzo zvine chekuita nesosaiti, mutauro, uye tsika dzeVietnamese - vakaitawo tsvagiridzo nezvenhoroondo yeChams; kana nyaya yeiyo Mufundisi Baba Dourisboure uyo akaita tsvakiridzo pane ethnography. Kune zvakare Mufundisi Baba Alexandre de Rhode uyo akaunganidza Duramazwi Annamiticum Lusitenum et Latinum - Roma 1651.
c. Pakanga paine, panguva iyoyo, kwete chete mamishinari uye vadzidzi, asiwo vatengesi. Kunyangwe vaive vakabatikana zvakanyanya nebhizinesi ravo, ivo vaive vachiri kuNorth kunyora hukama hwavo senge nyaya ye Tavernier, kana iro ra Samuel Baron (muRungu) uyo aitsanangura nyika yaakashanyira. Ivo zvakare vakatarisisa zvakanyanya kune zvematongerwo enyika uye zvemagariro, uye kune tsika nemaitiro, geography, uye nhoroondo yemitauro munzvimbo dzavaive vashanyira.
d. Asi, sechinhu chakakosha, kwaive nevatongi veFrance vasina kungotora hutongi, asi zvakare vaichengetedza nguva yakawanda yekuita basa rekutsvagurudza senge nyaya yaSabatier uyo aidzidza mutemo wetsika uye mhezi ye Ede dzinza, Landes avo akanyanya kutarisisa kune veetnamese vanhu vekare-mita uye mutauro, uye tailpiece - kunyangwe aive mukuru wechiitiko, akamboshanda semuturikiri weiyo Indochinese Ministry yeRuramisiro uye akange adzidzisa Vietnamese neChina kuvakuru veFrance. Kana ari Mutungamiriri Wemauto Cesbroni, anga akuda kukwidziridza vietnamese ngano uye ngano dzakasvikira kumusoro kumatenga.
e. Paivewo nemupurisa superintendent Bajot ndiani anodudzira Đồ Chiểunhetembo Lục Vân Tiên muchiFrench, achipa kutarisisa kwake kwese ndima, izwi rimwe nerimwe… Pakati pevazhinji vaongorori veFrance, vane mukurumbira ndivo vanhu vaitevera: G. Dumoutier - anochera matongo, ethnologist uye orientalist - anoshanda naGavhuna Mukuru semuturikiri wake, Maurice Durand, munyori anozivikanwa webasa rakanzi "Vietnamese Yakakurumbira Imagery". Pierre Huard uyo aive anyora iro raizivikanwa kwazvo bhuku rakanzi "Kuziva kweVietnam", uye munguva pfupi yapfuura, isu takaita Philippe Langlet, chiremba munhoroondo, uyo akange adzidzisa Zvinyorwa payaimbova Saigon University, uye akange adudzira iyo "Khâm Định Việt Sử Thống Giám Cương Mục (1970)" (Nhoroondo Yakatenderwa yeVietnam) uye akaishandisa sechinyorwa chekuwana dhigirii rake. Nhasi, havasi vanhu vazhinji kubva muchizvarwa ichocho vachiri vapenyu. Ivo vakango ceder nzvimbo dzavo kune mamwe maRussia, maJapan, maAmericanist ...… Zvichienderana nemaonero ekutsvagisa, anogona kunge ari ekunyanya kuda zvinhu kana kufungidzira, kudhirowa kana kufananidzwa… izvo zvidzidzo zveVietnamese zvinoratidzwa pamberi pemaziso avo nezvinhu zvitsva.
f. Nekudaro, mushure mekupfuura zvese zvinyorwa zvakasiiwa sezvataurwa pamusoro apa hatina kusangana nemuferefereti wechiFrench anonzi Henri Oger! Pamwe, isu tinofanirwa kuverenga chinyorwa na Pierre Huard, inoitwa pane Bulletin de l'école Française d'Extrême-Orient uye yakanzi "Henri Oger, piyona muhunyanzvi hweVietnam" (1) (muonde. 72). Zviri mukati menyaya ino zvinogona kukanda mwenje pamurume wechiFrench uyu.
Muonde 72: NYAYA YAPIERRE HUARD:
"Henri Oger - Iye piyona muhunyanzvi hweVietnamese"
3.1.2 Hupenyu hwaHenri Oger
- Munhu asingazivikanwe - inosuruvarisa jambwa, akawira mukukanganwa kweanoda kusvika zana ramakore. Piyona muVietnamese tekinoroji? Kuburikidza nechinyorwa chaPierre Huard, isu takadzidza kuti:
a. Henri Oger (1885-1936?) akaberekwa paMontrevault (Maine naLoire) pana Gumiguru 31, 1885. Akawana Bachelor of Arts (ChiLatin, chiGiriki, Philosophy) aine dhigirii repasipoti muna 1995, akabva aenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake zvepamusoro (chikamu 4).
oger aive mudzidzi weMessrs. Sylvain Lévy, Louis Finot, uye mapurofesa ku Institut de France (Sangano reFrance); apedza kuwana degree rake rekubheka, akaenderera mberi nezvidzidzo zvake zvepamusoro panguva Sorbonne University muParis. Muna 1907, oger yakanga yakumbira Hofisi yeColonic kuti imutumire kuTonkin kuti aite basa rake remauto mumakore maviri aya (1908-1909) uye akapiwa simba rekuita kudaro (panguva iyoyo H. Oger aingova nemakore makumi maviri nemaviri ekuberekwa). Akazopinda chikoro cheKoloni (1909) uye akapedza kudzidza nechinzvimbo chechina pakati pevadzidzi makumi maviri nevatanhatu kubva muchikamu chake. Achisundira mberi zvidzidzo zvake, Oger akapedza kudzidza kubva kuVietnamese Mutauro neChinese kosi.
Musi waJune 3,1914, oger akadzoka, akaremerwa kwegore 1, akaenda kuFrance. Musi waChikumi 17, 1915, akaunganidzwazve. Kunyangwe ichikurudzirwa nehukama nemakurukota eFrance, oger aisabvumidzwa kushanda muFrance uye aifanira kudzoserwa kuVietnam.
Nekuda kwekunyanyisa kushanda, oger aifanira kumiswa muchipatara kanoverengeka, uye pana June 18, 1919, akadzoserwa uye aive pane akasiya basa (Gumiguru 18,1920, XNUMX). Kutsvaga zvakare mukati menguva ino, Loonie tizive kuti vanhu vaona oger muSpain kubvira Kukadzi 1932, asi gare gare hapana akange anzwa nezvake zvakare, uye akaonekwa seasipo muna 1936.
Hapana anoziva zuva ra ogerroorano, asi ivo vaviri vasina mwana. Chirikadzi iyi yaigara kuNo. 35 Libération avenue, kuChantilly (Kukwira) kubva muna 1952 ndokufa muna Zvita 28, 1954.
b. Izvo zvaive izvo zvese Pierre Huard ndaigona kuziva nezve Henri Ogeryehupenyu; kana paine chimwezve chinhu, saka izvo zvaive zviitiko zvesaenzi izvo zvaive zvakazadza hupenyu hwake. Gare gare, vanhu vakaongorora oger sesainzi, mudzidzi, akange awanikidzwa nemauto nemaitiro ekutonga mukutonga kweFrance kugutsa nyota yake isingaverengeki yeruzivo, uye kuita tsvagiridzo inoshanda mumitauro yemitauro uye yezvinyorwa.
oger akapenga pamusoro pebasa rake semupengo. Akagadzira chirongwa chekumisikidza muIndochina Sangano Rekutsvagisa chinangwa chekudzidza nezve mitauro uye mitauro yakasiyana-siyana senge yakagadzwa muIndia, neBritish.
Zvisinei, oger aigona kungoita zvirongwa zvese zvakadaro asi iye aisakwanisa kuenda nenzira dzaakanga afamba. Imhaka here nekuda kwehupenyu hwake husina kusarudzika, kurwara kwake uye nekurwadziswa-kwaakagamuchira, izvo oger akamanikidzwa kusiya mabasa ake okutsvakisa asina kupedzwa?
3.1.3 Chii chavari kuda?
a. Ichokwadi here kuti, kubva pavakatanga kuenda kuVietnam, ivo veSainzi venzvimbo vakasimbisa nzira dzekutsvagisa, kunyanya panguva yavakange vaine zvese nzira zviripo, pamwe nerubatsiro rwekutonga kwemakoloni. , nemaonero avo exotic, vakapinda zvakadzika munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutsvagurudza, idzo vadzidzi veVietnamese vechiConfucian, nekuda kwekunyanyoziva nyaya dzakadai, vasina kuona kana kusaririra kuti vabatane nazvo? Mapepa ese aya ekutsvagira akasiiwa navo akange abatsira kwazvo zvizvarwa zvepashure kupedzisa chokwadi mari yemagwaro akavakwa uye akasiyiwa nemadzitateguru edu evaetnamese.
b. Nekudaro, irwo rubatsiro kubva kuchikamu chekutonga kwecolonistus zvachose uye kusasarura? Ivo vaive vange voda kuti vadzidzi vaendese magwaro aive nechinangwa chekushandisa zvinangwa zvekutonga. Ndicho chikonzero nei chiverengero chakati chevadzidzi vetsaona vakatadza kuve nechinangwa, chokwadi uye kufunga kwakapusa pakuita basa rekutsvagisa pane veetnamese nyaya?
Pakutanga, ichokwadi here kuti maitiro avo akange atora pfungwa yekutarisisa yetsika denderedzwa, panguva iyo colonialism ichiri kubudirira? Vakaita basa rekutsvagisa pane vanhu, kwete rekuyedza kuisvika, asi chaizvo zvekuikunda.
"Kana uchishuva kubata vanhu vekoloni nenzira yakanaka, munhu anofanira kutanga anyatsonzwisisa vanhu vaari kutungamira".
Aya ataurwa mazwi aGavhuna Mukuru Doumer irudzi rwekuraira. Asi, ichokwadi here kuti, kunyatsonzwisisa vanhu, Doumer aive akatsamira pachikoro chinoshanda checustomal ethnography iro basa rayo harisi rekutsanangura nhoroondo nezvimiro zvevanhu ivavo, asi zvinechekuita nekuratidzira kukosha kunoshanda uye chaiko mashandiro ezvinhu zvakadai munzanga yevanhu, uye kuratidza vaine chinangwa chakatarwa? (1).
c. Kunze kwezvo, ichokwadi here kuti munzira dzayo dzekuunganidza magwaro, nekuita tsvakiridzo, chikoro ichi chaiwanzotarisira zviitiko, zvinoumba hunyorwa patsika dzakadaro nemaitiro ekuedza kuwana nekunzwisisa nezvezvinhu zvavo zvinoshamisa, sekureva kuravira kwekunze?
Uye ndizvo here kuti oger anga akave akashongedzerwa neaya ambotaurwa zvinangwa, mamishini, uye nzira dzekuuya kune ino nyika isingazivikanwe? Uye kana zvirizvo, saka akazviita sei oger asarudze chinhu chake kuti adzidze?
If Pierre Poivre vakanga vaenda kuFar-East kunodzidza mamiriro ezvematongerwo enyika, tsika nemaitiro, zvitendero, zvigadzirwa, uye kutengeserana muCochin China, mumakore 1749 na 1750, ipapo H. Oger aive aenda kunoita panzvimbo pekunze anoshanda pane izvo zvinhu zvepfungwa uye zvepfungwa mukati "Tonkin" mumakore 1908 na1909.
d. Mukati mekudzidza nekunzwisisa, H. Oger akange awana art yekutanga neiyo lissome pen brashi (muonde. 73), inorarama zvakadaro mumaoko evanoverengeka vane tarenda, pamwe nekunyorwa yakanatswa yaive netsika, uye yaive yakarongedzwa kuita mapato nemubatanidzwa. Uyezve, kwaivawo neiyo mupunga indasitiri yepepa Grapefruit musha, unonyanyo kuzivikanwa nekutsvedza kwayo uye kuoma kwayo, kwete yakaderera kune iyo yemhando dzemapepa anogadzirwa muCustom. Zvese zvinhu zvakadaro zvaive zvakurudzira oger kuisa "Kurongeka". Chinhu ichi chakarairwa sei? Yaive mifananidzo yemitambo yechinyakare sekuonekwa kwayakaita Dumoutier? Kana zvirizvo, saka oger handingashande nesimba zvakanyanya mukati memakore maviri uye zvakare ndaisakwanisa kudaidzwa "Piyona muhunyanzvi hweVietnamese" by Loonie; Oger akada kuve neyekutanga uye yekutanga basa rekutsvagisa pamhuri dzeVietnamese, achitora "Monographic nzira".
Muonde 73: ANE WEMUKADZI SCHOLAR WRITING CHINESE CHARACTers
e. oger anotenda kuti hunhu hweiyi nzira hune yekutanga mari inoshandiswa kune zvipfeko, zvekudya, imba, muhoro uye fenicha. oger akange arangarira kuita mashanu mapoka ezvidzidzo atinodaidzira kuti zvitsauko.
Chitsauko chekutanga chinotaura nezvezvinhu zvakagadzirwa, zvine marudzi matatu, zvinoti zvicherwa, zvinomera, uye mhuka zvinoshandiswa kugadzira zvigadzirwa nemidziyo yakakosha pamabasa emhuri nenharaunda. Chitsauko chechipiri chinobata nemidziyo yekugara (muonde. 74) uye zvipfeko. Chitsauko chechitatu chinotaura nezvekudya, kudya-nekumwa, uye kuchengetedza utsanana uye hutano. Chitsauko chechina chinobata nekuvhenekera nekubika. Uye yekupedzisira chitsauko chinobata nemidziyo nemidziyo yevashandi.
Fig.74: MUKADZI MUKADZI PALM HAT
f. Kuti uite zvemukati zvirimo pane izvo zvambotaurwa, oger akaenda naye muvheti wedhisetese, nyanzvi pamifananidzo, uye akataura nezvevashandi vezvitoro uye nezvezvitoro. (fig).Mibvunzo yakadzama zvine chekuita nekuumbwa, saizi, nzira dzekugadzira, kunyengera kweakadai maturusi kana zviridzwa zvakawedzerwa.
Fig.75: VOTI PAPER ZVIPO ZVINOGONESESWA SHOP
Iyo dhizaini yakakurumidza kukanda papepa iyo inoshanda mune yega yega nhanho dzayo, dzichiita senge mupikicha.
Uye nekudaro, maererano oger, iyi nzira inomubvumidza kudzokororazve akawanda akateedzana ezviitiko zverudzi rumwe chete uye kuburikidza nemhando mbiri dzakasiyana dzezvikwangwani zvinopedzana, zvinoti zvishandiso kana zvinhu (muonde. 76) uye nemasaini akaiswa kuishandisa. Maturusi akadaro akagadzirwa nematanda, iron, tini, bango anozopedzerana uye nekuzvitsanangura pachavo kana zvarongwa nekushandiswa pamwechete.
Fig.76: BAMBOO ICHINYANYA
g. Kuenderera mberi nemugwagwa waakazvitsidzira iye, uye kupa basa rake kukosha kwechokwadi kwesainzi oger anga, mushure memakore maviri eapo-pa-nzvimbo achidzidza, akatorazve zvese izvi zvimisikidzo kuti adziratidze kuvadzidzi vakadzama vechiConfucius avo vakazviongorora nekuzvigadzira.
Maererano ne oger, iyi nzira yekutsinhana mabasa ichatungamira imwe kubva kuzvinhu zvinozivikanwa kuenda kuzvinhu zvisati zvazivikanwa uye kune zvitsva zvitsva. Uye, kubva padanho rakadai, maVietnamese maartist anogona kuitazve tsika dzekare netsika izvo zvisisipo mazuva ano munharaunda yedu (2).
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(1) Nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kweethnografi uye yezvikoro zvakasiyana-siyana zvedenogographical. Ethnographical Ongororo - 1961, Nha. 21 yakanyorwa munaKurume 15,1961
(2) a. Pakati pezviuru zvematehwe, takawana akati wandei iwo anorondedzera mirefu mifananidzo yakarasika senge iya inoratidza inotyisa mamiriro a “Danda rinoyambuka rukova” izvo zvanga zvadhirowewa. Ichi ndicho chiitiko chevatadzi vaviri vakasungwa kune raft ine chikwangwani chinoti: "Chifeve uye mukadzi chifeve achiiswa padenga uye akadzika pasi senzira yekurangwa". Maoko nemakumbo evanokanganisa zvinorovererwa pane chidimbu chehuni chakaiswa padenga. Mukadzi anoratidzwa asina kupfeka uye murume anowana akaveurwa-akaveura musoro, uye mumwe anoshamisika kana iri bhonasi yakapfeka hegi yake? Iyo raft iri kuyangarara zvine njodzi pasi pemvura uye hapana anoita sekunge ane hanya nayo (fig).
Fig.77: BAMBOO ICHINYANYA
Kana chiitiko chemutadzi chikatsikwa-tsika kuti afe ne nzou kana kukweverwa nekubviswa nemabhiza panguva iripo chete mumvuri uye mumvuri, zvino chiitiko ichi “Danda rinoyambuka rukova” inogona chete kutiyeuchidza nezvebasa rakanzi: "Quan Yin chirevo" umo mupfumi akabvunza mwanakomana wake nezve iye munyori weve nhumbu yaTa M'au: (Iwe zvirinani utaure chokwadi uye wopedzisa neichi chinamato, onekuchenjera iwe unomhanyisa njodzi yekuiswa pane raft uye kurega kuregedza pasi pemvura).
Chinhu chataurwa pamusoro apa chakanyorwa na G. Dumoutier Mubasa rake rakanzi: "Essays paTonkinese" (*) 101 seinotevera: "Muna Chivabvu 1898, imwe yemabhonzo ekuchema iyi yaive yabhururuka parwizi Nhị".
b. Pamberi paKumukira kwaGumiguru, takange tichiri kurangarira chiitiko chakaitika kuburikidza nemurume uyo akabata muchifeve mukadzi wake, akaveura musoro wake, akamusunga, ndokumuperekedza mumigwagwa. Pakufamba murume uyu akaburitsa zvikanganiso zvemukadzi wake, nekurova pfuti yemuti kuti anyadzise mukadzi wake vis-a-vis musha wese.
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(*) G. DUMOUTIER - Zvinyorwa paTonkinese - Imprimerie d'Extrême - Kumabvazuva - Hanoi, Haiphong, 1908, P. 43
h. Kuve muongorori wesainzi, oger anotenda kuti hapana chinhu chinorwadza kupfuura kuverenga rondedzero dzezviridzwa kana zviito pasina kuve nemeso emeso mifananidzo yakavaratidza. Kune vashoma vanyori vane fecund fungidziro uye, sezvazviri chokwadi, munhu anogona kuwana ndangariro yakanaka nemaziso ake zviri nyore kwazvo kupfuura kuburikidza nekuverenga. Nechikonzero ichocho, basa raOger rinowanzo kuve nemifananidzo uye sketches. Haisi fortuitousness pachinzvimbo inzira yakabatana yakanyatsopikiswa nezvayo.
oger akasimbisa kuti rake basa, kana rave kuve rakabudirira chinyorwa uye zvinyorwa, ichave yesainzi uye ine chinangwa chimwe. Imwe yeiyi yekudhirowa inotsanangurwa mune zvakadzama, ichiteverwa neruzha rwakagadzirwa mazwi. oger anotendawo kuti: “Mutauro wemuVietnamese wakapfuma kwazvo muzvinhu zvemashoko. Nezve iro risingabvumirwe kugona, zvinoita kunge zvisina kunyatso kuvandudzwa ”.
i. Nechikonzero ichocho, mazwi ehunyanzvi akapihwa nenzira yakazara padyo nematehwe zviuru zvina, zvichiita kuti basa rive bhuku rakakura.
Oger akaenderera mberi nekuisa zvinyorwa zvake uye kucherechedza mukati mezvikamu uye makamuri mahombe kuti akwanise kuzadzikisa, gare gare, akasiyana monographies. Pakutanga, Oger akapatsanura basa rake muzvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana. Chikamu chimwe chine mahwendefa ese nemifananidzo. Chimwe chikamu chakabata zvinyorwa. oger akanzwa kuti, nekuita kudaro, aigona kudzivirira zvese zvinodzokororwa. Zvakare, iyi nzira inobvumidza munyori kuwedzera matsva ekucherechedza kumashure kweakare, nekudaro, asingamudi kuti adzokorore uye anyorazve bhuku rake kamwe chete makore mashanu. Muchikamu chakabata zvinyorwa, oger akapa tafura yezviri mukati uye ongororo indekisi, ichifambisa kushandiswa kwebasa rake.
j. Nekudaro, bhuku rake rakava rakakura kwazvo, iri mhando yeenisaikoropidhiya yaive neinenge Zviuru zvishanu, saka hapana imba yekudhinda kana raibhurari yakabvuma kutora bhuku rayo. oger aifanira kukurudzira kunyorera kwairi, asi akanzwa kuti akasangana ne "Benzi uye loutish nzanga". Kunze kweboka, revamwe 20 vanhu uyo akapa 200 piastres to oger kushandisa sezvaanoona zvakakodzera, haana kana kana sendi raanowana kubva kune vamwe vanhu uye ndiyo yega mari yaakawana mumaoko. oger akakwanisa kuunganidza engravers makumi matatu uye vanhu avo vakashanda mukati memwedzi miviri yakateedzana. Pavaive vawana zvinopfuura zviuru zvina mazana mana zvekuveza, nguva yezhizha yakanga yauya. Nguva yezhizha inonzi oger as "Chitofu chinopisa chesimba".
Nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze akanyanya, oger uye vamwe vake vaisakwanisa kuisa zvinyorwa zvakadaro pasi pekutenderera muchina wekudhinda kuti vawane huwandu hukuru hwemakopi. Uye sekunyora kwakadaro kwakamonyaniswa oger aifanira kutora nzira yekudhinda nemaoko yaishandiswa nemuartist we Hồ musha uye Hàng Trống st. Izvi zvinoreva kuti aifanira kuve nepepa rakaringana reti yemupunga kuti apinimire pazvakanyorwa izvo zvakange zvakavezwa neketi kare; bepa rakadaro raive rakagadzirwa nehutsinye nemapepa e Bưởi musha (padhuze neHanoi) kunze kwe "dó" muti. Iyi nzira yakagadzira basa rinononoka kwazvo asi mitsetse yakadhindwa yakanyorwa nenzira yakajeka kwazvo papepa. Saka, izvi setetetetti pane "Tekinoroji" yakanga isina kukodzera kutakura chimiro chevanhu mango. H. oger iye pachake akanzwa kufadzwa kwazvo neichi chisingatarisirwe mhedzisiro. Maererano ne oger, ichi chokwadi chine mukana wekupa iro bhuku rechitema. "Zvese Vietnamese ” uye zvakare maererano oger, basa iri harikwerete chero chinhu kubva kune chero munhu, haritsamire pane chero munhu muIndochina, uye haritsikisi kubva kune chero gwaro rinowanikwa.
Nezve chinhu chataurwa pamusoro, oger aida kupindura avo vakatsigira kuti magwaro akashandiswa mukunyora bhuku rake anobva Dumoutierbasa.
Kunze H. oger akange atsidza kuti mukati mekudhinda basa rake raakange achengeta nezve Zviuru zvishanu, rakanyorwa kare asi harina kudhindwa. Zvese zvakatemwa uye izvo zvakatodhindwa izvozvi zvichiri kuwanikwa kana kurasikirwa? Hatina kana zano nezvenyaya iyi (*).
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(*) Nerubatsiro rwePlastic Arts Artists Association uye neyeFolk Literature Association, tashanyira nyika yekwavo maartist kuHải Hưng; isu takange tashanyirawo tembere yeHàng Gai uye Vũ Thạch pagoda (muna Chikunguru 1985) idzo inzvimbo dzakange dzaburitswa nekuparadzirwa basa. Isu hatina kuwana nguva yekuita zvakadzama basa rekutsvagisa uye hatina kuwana chero chinyorwa chakasiiwa ... Ichokwadi here kuti Henri Oger akange atora vese vadzokera kuFrance?
Takafananidza ogerdhizaini ine zvinyorwa zvakasiiwa na Dumoutier mu “Dzokorora Indochinoise” nebasa rakapihwa "Essays paTonkinese"… Uye usati wawana chero chinhu chingaratidza izvozvo oger yakanga yashandisa Dumoutier'' Mifananidzo, kunyange paine mashoma akadhirowewa sketches senge iwo anoratidza a "Shuttlecock mutambo ne feather- shuttlecock" by Dumoutier (fig) anotorwa kubva kubasa rake anonzi "Essays paTonkinese, p-53" uye iyo ye H. oger (fig).
Fig.78: SHUTTLE-COCK GAMEpashure Dumoutier)
Fig.79: SHUTTLE-COCK GAMEpashure Henri-oger)
Iyo sketch inoratidza chiitiko che "Kutamba Tam Cúc", rakatorwa kubva Dumoutier'bhuku "Essays paTonkinese" p.57 (Fig.80) uye ogersketch (fig).
Fig.80: KUDENGA TAM CÚC (mutambo une makadhi makumi matatu nemaviri - mushure meG.Dumoutier)
Fig.81: VIETNAMESE GAME ye 32 Makadhi (shure kwaHOger)
Takaongorora zvakare Pierre Huardmifananidzo yaakawana mubhuku rake “Ruzivo rweVietnam” uye hauna kuona munyori uyu achishandisa ogerematehwe, kunyangwe painewo mashoma edzidziso zvinyorwa akadai Looniemufananidzo 'Kusveta nzeve' (fig) p.169, iyo ye Dumoutier papeji 88, kana iyo yeOger (muonde. 83).
Fig.82: KUSVIRA MAHARA (mushure P.Huard)
Fig.83: KUSVIRA MAHARA (shure kwaHOger)
Ichi chi Pierre HuardMufananidzo 'Kusimbisa imba' (fig(peji 212) uye ogersketch (fig) (Ndokumbirawo kuti muverenge mhedzisiro).
Fig.84: KUDENGA PAKAI (kwapera Pierre Huard)
Fig.85: KUDENGA PAKAI (shure kwaHenri Oger)
k. Tisati tanyora sumo, uye nekumberi, pamwe vamwe vanotsvaga vanozove nemikana yekuita zvakadzama ongororo uye kuongorora chaiko munyori nemabasa ake, ngatipei mazwi kwaari Pierre Huard (1) - muongorori akabhadhara zvakanyanya paVietnam - uye ndiani ane zvinotevera zvinotevera oger'anoshanda.
"Kudzoreredzwa kweiri basa, iro kusvikira zvino risingachawanikwe, rinomiririra chete kutanga kwekuferefeta kukuru kuti, maiwe! haisati yaenderera mberi… Ichinyorwa pamwe nemweya unoshanda wakarerekera kutekinoroji, uye uchiramba nemaune kutenderera kwese kunogona kuitika, iri basa rekutsvaga harina kuwana rutsigiro rweveruzhinji muFrance neVietnam - ruzhinji rwakateerera matavi akadaro semutauro, ruzivo rwekuchera matongo, zvinyorwa-zvevanhu ”!…" Mazuva ano basa iri rinofanirwa kuongororwa uye rinofanirwa kuongororwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri zvinotevera: Pakutanga, rine kukosha kwechinyakare uye ibasa remuongorori wechidiki ari kushanda mune asina hanya. kana kunyange nharaunda ine hukasha. Tevere kunouya chokwadi chekuti iri basa rakanyora akawandisa masisitimu uye matekiniki ayo mafambiro enhoroondo akaakonzera kuti vanyangarika zvachose muVietnam yanhasi".
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(1) PIERRE HUARD - Iye piyona muhunyanzvi hweVietnamese - Henri Oger (1885-1936?) BEFEO Tome LVII - 1970 - mapeji 215-217.
BAN TU THU
11 / 2019