SPRING SCROLLS - Chikamu chechipiri

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HUNG NGUYEN MANH ¹

Mukuru Confucian paLunar New Year festival

    Isu tiri kutarisa mukuru Confucian akapfugama pasi kuti anyore vaviri Tết mipumburu. Pamberi pake pane murombo, pamwe mutengi wake, akamira padyo nemumwe murume, anopfuura nepo anomira achitarisa mupumburu..

   Uyu mufananidzo unotiyeuchidza nezvezvakafanana zvakaitika hafu yezana remakore rapfuura. Pagore, mukutanga kwemwedzi wechigumi nemaviri, vakuru vechiConfucius vakapfeka zvipfeko zvekare zvakashata neetani uye maviri-egirazi emaziso vaiwanzoonekwa mudzimba dzakaderera mumisika yemuTet, vachinyora mipumburu yevanotenga.

    Aiwanzoisa bhodhi aine maviri makuru echiChinese "Maguru Matsenga" pamusuwo wemba. Zviridzwa zvake zvekushandisa zvaingova netiyi, mimwe brashi, ndiro yeinki yeChinese, uye murwi wepepa dzvuku kana reorenji. Calligraphic zvinyorwa zvainge zvatove zvakaitwa pamapumburu. Vatengi vakangodaidza pazvitoro kuti vatarise mipumburu uye isarure iyo yavanofunga kuti yakakodzera maatari avo ekunamata, nzvimbo yenzvimbo dzekunamatira uye zvinhu, madzitateguru avo kana ma lares. Vakuru vaConfucius havana kutambisa nguva vakambofunga, asi vakangotora brashi ndokuinyika muink ndokunyora zvakanyorwa mumavara echiChinese ndokubhadhara kanenge kaviri. moat (Vietnamese yemari unit) kune yega yega maviri emipumburu.

    Kana mipumburu yaizotumirwa kugedhi, iyo kunyoresa inogona kuverengerwa seinotevera:

"Miles yemhepo inotonhorera yave kuda kubatana kupinda muchirimo.

Nzvimbo yakanaka kwazvo mwedzi wekutanga wegore."

     Kudai mipumburu yacho yaizoturikwa panhandare, zvinyorwa zvacho zvaizove:

"Salangane anozivisa nhau dzakanaka pasuwo.

Goridhe oriole inogamuchira kusvika kwechirimo kwese kwese. "

     Kana imwezve mipumburu yaiverenga:

"Pamberi pechivanze: Bamboo anozivisa izwi rerunyararo.

Kumativi ese egedhi: Apricot inopa ruva rekubudirira. "

    Kana mipumburu yacho yaizoitirwa kutumira pambiru mbiri dzeimba, mukuru Confucian ainyora zvinyorwa zvakakurumbira seizvi:

"Denga rinowedzerwa nemakore nemwedzi, nevarume vane hupenyu hwakareba.

Chitubu chiri kukunda pamusoro padenga nepasi, uye mufaro pamusoro pemba. "

Or:

"New Year inouya nemazana emufaro.

Mazuva emuchirimo anoona zviuru zvemhanza"

    Kana iwo mipumburu yaizoroverwa pamativi ese eatari yemadzitateguru, vaiwanzorumbidza mabasa makuru nehunhu hwemadzitateguru, iwo mhedzisiro yacho yaive inobetsera kuzvizvarwa:

"Gomo Rakareba rinoramba risingaenzaniswi neicho nenyasha chiitiko chekuzvara.

Gungwa rakazaruka riri kumashure kwekutarisirwa kwerupo mukurera. "

Or:

"Kwemazana emakore, vana vanonamata uye vanoonga vanochengeta varipo.

Chizvarwa mushure mechizvarwa, nhaka yemabasa emadzitateguru icharamba isina kuchinjika. "

Or:

"Kutenda kumabasa emadzitateguru uye kunaka: Zviuru zvemakore zvichabudirira.

Kubva paunyoro nekuzvidzwa kwevazukuru: Makuru evarume achafara. "

   Ngativerengei ndima yakanyorwa nemuFrench yeiyo vhiki nevhiki Indochina muna 1942 ²

"...Varombo vechiConfucius vairoja mazuva gumi Tet isati yaitwa nzira yemugwagwa kana nzvimbo yakavhurika pamberi peimba kana kona yemugwagwa… Vakanyora neingi kana goridhe inki mavara echiChinese pamapumburu matsvuku mipumburu kuti vawane mari shoma. Dai kwaive nemariro mugore rinobuda, mhuri dzafirwa dzaikumbira mipumburu yero kana girini. Izvi zvekufungidzira zvakakurudzira vanhu kuti vashandise imwe mari pakutenga mipumburu kushongedza masuo edzimba dzavo, mbiru uye pasi… kana pamadziro. Kunyange hazvo chiConfucius chakange chisisipo, vaConfucius vakanga vachiri kuonekwa vakapfeka majaketi akasakara ekotoni, vachidedera nechando vakagara pachidimbu chekameti kuti vanyore vanhu vekuChina vekupedzisira…".

Mipumburu Tsvuku - Iyo yekuMabvazuva Mabhuku Genre

"Mafuta nyama, akasvinwa scallion, tsvuku mipumburu,.

Tết pole, tambo yevanodzimura moto, makeke akasvibira"

    Kunze kwekurongedza nekushongedza imba yake, kutenga zvipiriso zveatari yake, kunyange murume ari murombo kwazvo haakanganwe kuenda kumusika kana kunze kumugwagwa kuitira kuti awane mupumburu une mavara makuru, mipumburu mishoma ine mavara akadhindwa, akanyorwa neruoko kana akanyorwa. pa bamboo sezvataurwa pamusoro.

     Kune vanhu vanotenga mapepa matsvuku uye vanokumbira vadzidzisi vemusha kuti vanyore. Vamwe vanokwanisa kukumbira vadzidzi kuti vanyore pabepa dzvuku kana sirika - izvi zvichinyanya kuomera vadzidzi havana kunyatso chengeterwa nemazwi ekupa chero munhu. Vazhinji vapfumi vasina kutsanangurwa vanogona kutenga mipumburu yakashongedzwa yakashongedzwa yakafanana havawani tsamba kubva kwavari. Kunyangwe kana vakakwanisa kuwana tsamba idzi, idzi ndidzo zvinyorwa zvisinganzwisisike (mabhuku ebhegi).

     Kupi kwekuisa mipumburu tsvuku? Pamadziro, pamativi ese eatari, pagedhi kana pamakona eimba sezvakawonekwa mumufananidzo (Fig.1. “Maruva anotendeuka kuzuva rinotevera chitubu". Mipumburu mitsvuku yakanamirwa kwete chete munzvimbo dzataurwa pamusoro apa asiwo pazvivharo zvenguruve, matanga enyati. Henri Oger anorondedzera kuti anoonekawo pamidziyo yemvura (Fig.2).

     Maodzanyemba, mipumburu mitatu tsvuku dzakadirwa mumba uye chechina mukicheni. Makumi evamwe akachengeterwa miti yemichero mumunda wemichero. Kunyangwe mombe makati, zvinyoro makati zvinoshongedzwa, tisingatauri nezve tsime uye pigsty. Kunyanya, zvinyoro zvemvura paatari zvakave zvakare zvakarongedzwa, asi mavara ari papepa dzvuku seaya dzimwe nguva haamiriri mhete dzechokwadi dzinoenderana.

    Kwete vapfumi chete asiwo varombo vanofarira mipumburu tsvuku. Uye zvakadii nezve pagoda? Iyo yakatonyanya kushongedzwa. Mumufananidzo, musuwo wepagoda wakasara wakajeka kuti titarise rimwe divi remubatanidzwa wakafanana (Fig.1).

"Mamiriro acho ndeechinyakare asi mbiru nyowani"

    Red mipumburu akanyorwa nomutauro weChinese uye zvakare muNôm (kana demotic script. Ivo vanozivisa muridzi wemba mifungo nezvehupenyu, chitubu, dzimwe nguva vachinongedzera kuchinjiko yekushanduka kwechakasikwa, dzimwe nguva vachibatanidza chirevo chehungwaru senge motto.

    Vamwe vanhu vanodaro zvakafanana mipumburu rudzi rwekunyika rwekunyorwa zvinyorwa, rakapepetwa, rinorema uye dzimwe nguva rine basa rehunyanzvi ' Tsvuku mipumburu inotsanangura hunhu hwakakosha hwe Vietnam's Tết mitambo. Ivo vava tsika yeVietnam.

    Paunenge uchitaura nezve Vũ Đình Liên, vanhu vanoyeuka nhetembo "Iyo Confucian Scholar".

    Makore mazhinji gare gare, iwo chaiwo iwo musoro wenhetembo iyi akafuridzira maratidziro Bùi Xuân Phái kugadzira yake yakakurumbira collage anomiririra Vũ Đình Liên'Confucian Scholar. Muna 1974, apo ndichiyemura zita rakataurwa Vũ Đình Liên , Nenzira yake, akafuridzirwa nayo kunyora inotevera chiyeuchidzo nhetembo:

“Kana munhu achiwedzera kufarira pendi, moyo wemunhu unobva wazadzwa nekufuridzirwa kwembiri.

Mweya yose yekare inoongorora "Confucian Scholar".

Ndima nhatu dzakasimbisa iyo sosi yekurangarira.

Angori mashoma emapepa achiri kukwereta mapapiro kurota.

Toni uye ruvara rwemisodzi yekare ichiri isina kufukidzwa.

Mifananidzo yacho inoita kuti rudo rwekare ruwedzere kuwedzera.

O! peni neinki Confucian Vadzidzi vezviuru zvemakore munguva yakapfuura.

Hasha dzako dzakatoperera zvino ”.

    Nhetembo yakakurumbira pamusoro yakanyorwa apo mudetembi aingova nemakore makumi maviri nematatu uye yaiitirwa kunyora mufananidzo wekupedzisira weConfucian nyanzvi (baba venhetembo). Vũ Đình Liên munyori wenhetembo akazvarwa musi waNovember 12, 1913, pa Châu Khê Musha, Bình Giang Ruwa, Hai Duong mudunhu. Gare gare, akatevera mhuri yake kunogara muHanoi uye akagara kuThe Hàng Bạc (sirivha street). Vũ Đình Liên akapedza kudzidza seBachelor of Laws uye akatora chinzvimbo cheshanduko mumazuva ekutanga ehondo yekurwisa vaFrance, uye aive mutsigiri wezvekunyorwa kwemabhuku uye neBato reMutambo weChitatu Interzone. Iri bhuku rakanzi "Vietnamese Poets" rine chirevo chinotevera pamusoro peiyo nhetembo isingaperi: "Kune mumwe munhu anotora runyorwa rwekunyora, chinangwa chake chinozadzikiswa pakunyora nhetembo isinga shatise."

  "Tinoreva kuti nhetembo isingafi yakakwanira kuita kuti munyori wayo arangarirwe nezvizvarwa."

   Muna 1953 mudetembi Vũ Đình Liên akadzokera kuHaø Noäi uye akashanda kuRugwaro Rwokuvandudza Bhodhi kuUngano yeDzidzo uye aive nhengo ye Le Quy Don Cultural Group rakanyora "Nhoroondo pfupi yeVietnamese Literature.. Iye panguva imwechete akabatsira mukushandurwa kwe "Hoàng Việt anthology"Uye aive munyori mukuru we"Anthology yeVietnamese Prose uye Nhetembo"Vol.4. Aive adzidzisawo kuUniversity yePedagogy uye aive mukuru weDhipatimendi remutauro wechiFrench.

    Kutonga kukudzwa kwake uye nebasa, Nostalgic, Hoài Chân kubvira makore makumi matanhatu apfuuraKubva kubvira kwauya nyimbo nyowani nyowani muhupenyu, takanga taona kuvapo kwa Vũ Đình Liênnhetembo dzakaburitswa zvakapatsanura pane wongororo dzakasiyana siyana. Akaimbawo kurumbidza kwerudo sekudetembera dzese panguva iyoyo. Asi kukurudzira kwake kukuru kwaisanganisira kudzikisira kwake uye kuda kwake zvinhu zvekare. Akanzwira tsitsi vanhu vakadzika, akarangarira zviitiko zvekare neshamwari".

    Nhamo yake yezve zvake kubva aine makore matatu okukura uye achigara nababa vake vasingaoni uye amai varombo, aifanira kudyisa murume wake nemwana pamwe nechirwere chakakonzerwa nezviitiko zvepasirese nemaitiro evanhu akajairwa, aive agara akabata veduwe pfungwa dzedetembo.

    Vanhu vanorondedzera kuti rimwe zuva muna 1973, vachiri kudzoka kubva Mwanakomana Tay to Hà Nội, mudetembi anga amira paThe Trò bhiriji kuti ubvunze nezvenhoroondo yeiri bhiriji. Akurudzirwa nehupenyu hupfupi hwevarombo rwiyo rwekufa akafira pane iro bhiriji (akabata chando achidzoka pakati pehusiku), mudetembi akange anyora inotevera nhetembo ndokuisiya paPagoda diki yakavakwa nevanhu vemusha kuti vanamate iyo yakafa songstress 'mweya unoyera:

"Ari munzira yekudzokera kuHanoi, munhu anofanira kuyambuka Trò bhiriji

Mwoyo wemumwe unotendeuka unosuwa kana uchiteerera kune yekare nyaya yeaina murombo akafa simbo.

Ndiani wakadhakwa pamabiko ehusiku ihwohwo uye wakadonhedza vatungamiriri vehondo.

Chando nemvura yakange yawira murombo wekuridza nziyo.

Chipfeko chake chakatetepa akatadza kumisa kutonhora.

Uye hupenyu hwekukwira nekukwira hwainge hwaguma seruva rakadonha.

Ngatiti izvo Nguyen Du ichine chinyoreso chinoshamisa.

Dzimwe nhetembo dzakawedzerwa pamoyo dzinogona kunyorwa ”

    Shamwari dzepadyo shamwari Vũ Đình Liên akabuda, aine kabhegi kadiki kaive neRation yake Tết yakatogovaniswa muzvikamu zvidiki, kushanyira vachena, zviteshi zvebhazi zvichitsvaga vakweguru kana vakomana vadiki vanokanganisa vaizoda chikafu chekukwazisa nguva yekutanga.

    Nhetembo Vũ Đình Liên akafa muna Ndira 18,1996 uye haana kuwana mukana wekuona basaNhetembo dze Vũ Đình LiênIzvo zvichabudiswa na Văn Hoá (tsika nemagariro) Kuburitsa Imba³.

… Inoenderera mberi muchikamu chechipiri…

CHERECHEDZA:
¹ Batanidza Muzvinafundo HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Chiremba wePhylosophy muNhoroondo.
² G. PISIER - L'esprit des Annamites et le Tết (Iwo mweya weAnnamese uye Tết mazororo) yakaenzanisira vhiki nevhiki Indochina, Kukadzi, 12, 1942, p.15.
³ Zvinoenderana nechinyorwa che TRẦN VĂN MỸ: "VŨ ĐÌNH LIÊN - nyanduri ane chipo, hunhu hukuru" Hà Nội Nhasi Ongororo, inowedzera Nha. 26 - June 1996 - pp 53 ~ 55.

BAN TU THU
01 / 2020

CHERECHEDZA:
◊ Kunobva: Vietnamese Inotangira Nyanya Nyowani - Major festival - Asso. Prof. HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Chiremba we phylosophy mu Nhoroondo.
Old Zvinyorwa zveBold uye sepia mifananidzo yakaiswa naBan Tu Thu - gvanevachar.com

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