Kuenda kweTẾT CEREMONies - Chikamu chechipiri
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HUNG NGUYEN MANH1
Nhume dzinopa rukudzo kuna Ishe Trịnh
Pazuva rechitatu, kuchamhembe, pakati pezana regumi nenomwe ramakore, Ishe Trịnh akasangana nemamishinari nevatorwa maererano netsika dzeumambo. Inotevera ndima yakanyorwa nemupristi wechiJesuit: “Pazuva rechitatu raTết, ishe Trịnh Tạc vakagamuchira vatorwa vakauya kuzopa ruremekedzo pachiitiko che Canh Tý gore, gore rechitatu ra Vĩnh Thọ kutonga (1660). Iwo mamishinari mamishinari akamushuvira hupenyu hurefu kutanga maererano netsika dzeChinese ndokumukotamira maererano netsika yeVietnamese. MaDutch mamishinari akashuvira mamwe makore kuna Ishe zvinoenderana netsika yechiDutch. Vapristi vechiJesuit Onuphre Borgeøs (Swithzerland) naJoseph Tissanier (France) vakamukotamira maererano netsika yeVietnam. ”
“Zuva iri, imba yamambo yainge yakazara. Vapristi vaviri nerombo rakanaka vakakwanisa kupinda muchivanze chikuru kukotamira Ishe. Ivo zvakare vaipfeka zveruvara rwehusiku, hexagonal ngowani uye kowtowed pamberi paIshe kanomwe pamberi pezviuru zvina zvevanhu. Rini Tây Định Vương Trịnh Tạc paakaona vapristi vaviri, akavaninira kuti vapfugame Vương Thái Hậu (amai vake) vakagara padivi pake, ipapo Borgès naTissanier zvakare kowtowed ku Vương Thái Hậu kaviri2. "
Mhemberero yekushuvira Vakwegura Hupenyu Hurefu
Kazhinji, imwe inofanirwa kunge iri 60 makore kusvika pazera rinodiwa kuve mukuru wemusha. Nekudaro, iyi kokorodzano inogamuchirwa chete munzvimbo dzine vanhu vazhinji vanosvika pakukwegura zvakanyanya. Kana dziri nzvimbo dzine vanhu vashoma kwazvo vanosvika kuchembera, iyo zera re50 inogona kutarisirwa seyakakodzera kuve mukuru wemusha. Zvinoenderana netsika iyi, avo vanosvika zera rinodiwa kuti vave vakuru vemusha vanofanirwa kuunza zvipiriso kuimba yemunharaunda kuti vape ruzivo kuvakuru vemusha nekunamata jeni, kuti vanyoreswe zviri pamutemo pachinyorwa chevakuru vemusha uye kuregererwa zvipo zvese zvemagariro. Nezuva rino, vese vakuru vemusha nevakuru vemusha vanoungana pamwechete kuti vapupurirane uye vagoverane zvishuwo vachishandisa dzimwe nhetembo kana zvimwe zvikamu zveprozi ine nhetembo. Vazukuru vemunhu anosvika zera rinodiwa vanofanirwawo kuenda kumhemberero, asi kunze kweichi chokwadi chekugovana mufaro, vanofanirwawo kushanda kuimba yemunharaunda sezvavanofanira kuita mumabiko. Iyo yekureba kwenguva yekuda mhemberero inowanzo kurongwa pamusha wemunharaunda imba. Vakuru vacho vaigadzirira zvimwe zvipo zvinodaidzwa kuti zvipo kushuvira hupenyu hurefu. Zvipo sei izvi? Kune dzimwe nzvimbo, chikamu chemunda wemupunga kuti mukuru aunganidze goho repasi senge pa Mai Tung (Thanh Hoá, Phú Thọ); kune dzimwe nzvimbo zvipo zvimwe kadhi tsvuku uye ngowani ye violet kana mukuru akasvitsa makore makumi masere sezvakangoita Sơn Vi musha (Phu-Tho), kana chete mashoma anonaka masaddoki kana yero ruoko rwemabhanana. Zvisinei, kune misha inoronga "mhemberero yekushuvira hupenyu hurefu" zvinoenderana nedanho rakaomarara redzidziso - zvichibva pakukwegura kwasvika.
- Kubva ku zera ramakumi matanhatu kusvika makumi manomwe, murume mukuru anonzi "Hương trung kỳ lão"(Pakati-kirasi musha mukuru) uye unopihwa mukombe wewaini nevanhu vemumusha.
- Kubva ku zera re71 uye pamusoro, murume mukuru anonzi "Hương thuợng kỳ lão"(Highclass musha mukuru) uye unopihwa mukombe wewaini pamwe nenguwo-yechembere (yakagadzirwa nesiriki tsvuku) nevanhu vemumusha.
- Vanhu pamusoro pemakore 90 anonzi "Thượng thượng thọ"(Kuchembera kwakanyanyisa kuibva) Uye, kunze kwekurapwa nevanhu vemumusha sevane makumi manomwe nemanomwe zvichikwira (kupihwa kapu yewaini nenguwo yechembere), Inopihwa zvakare mitsara yakafanana (zvakanyorwa pabepa kana pasiriki) zvinoenderana nenzvimbo dzavanogara.
- Vanhu pamusoro pemakore 100 anonzi "Bách Tuế thọ dân"(Centenarians) uye zvine chekuita nevanhu ava, pa kutanga Tết zuva, Chief Village vanofanirwa kunge vachimiririra musha wese kuti vaunze betel nedoro kudzimba dzavo kuti "vashuvire hupenyu hwakareba".
Sechinhu chakakosha pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dze "kushuvira hupenyu hurefu", isu tinofanirwa kutaura nezve iyo yakashandiswa panzvimbo yakavakirwa kushanda se "imba yekudyidzana yevanhu vakura" ku Liễu Đôi musha.
Iyo "imba yemunharaunda yevanhu vakura" yakagadzirwa nemishenjere, ine denga reuswa uye madziro akagadzirwa nemishenjere. Chivanze cheimba yemunharaunda chine nhanho zhinji nemameti zvakanyatso pararira. Nhanho yepamusoro yakachengeterwa mukuru wedura remusha uyo anemvumo yetray yega yemadhishi (iyo yaanogona kuenda nayo kumba ikasadyiwa). Iwo mamwe matanho epazasi akarongedzwa zvichienderana nemazera akasiyana, akakwira kana akaderera. Muchiitiko ichi, vakuru vese vanogara vachiratidza kudziya kwavo uye vanopa rukudzo kuvakuru vemusha mumweya we "Kính lão đắc thọ"(Mumwe anowana hupenyu hurefu kana achiremekedza vanhu vakurakureva kuti avo vanoremekedza vanhu vakura, vanhu ava vakura vanovasiira ukweguru hwavo.
Zuva rakasarudzwa kuronga mhemberero iyi rinogona kunge rakasiyana, zvichienderana nemusha wega wega. Iyo Liễu Đôi Musha (Thanh Liêm, Hà Namsemuenzaniso, akasarudza zuva rechinomwe remwedzi wekutanga wemwedzi, iyo Lương Đài (Vĩnh Tường, Phú Thọ) akasarudza mazuva maviri, wechitanhatu uye wechinomwe wemwedzi wekutanga, sezve Phương Lan Musha (Việt Trì, Vĩnh Phú), yakasarudza zuva rechitatu remwedzi wekutanga wemwedzi.3
Kutumira Kubva KwaVanababa vako
Vanhu vanosarudza kana iri pakati pechivanze kana kona yakachenesesa yetsime rakasimwa munda kupisa joss mapepa ekupa. Kune dzimwe nzvimbo, vanhu vanopisa mapepa ejoss nenzira yakaoma kwazvo inoda kuvepo kwemuridzi wetsika vasati vatanga kupisa. Mutariri wetsika anoita mhemberero dzakasiyana-siyana uye apo mapepa ejoss anopisa zvinyoro-nyoro, iyeantant akasheedzera zvinonzwika kashoma, vachiita kunge anoratidza kuti anga abatana nemweya; izvi zvese zvinoitirwa kuumba chimiro chakasimba maererano nemusoro wemhuri.
Kukumbira Kunoitwa4
Chiitiko chezuva rechitatu raTết
TINOFANIRA KUTI TINOGONESESA UYO RUDO:
Kumhuri yemadzibaba: Madzitateguru edu, sekuru, sekuru, baba, baba.
Kumhuri yevakaroora: Madzitateguru edu, ambuya sekuru, ambuya, ambuya, amai.
PASI PAMABHUKU ako, TINOFANIRA KUTI TINOGONESESESA KUTI UYE KUTI
Tiri pa rechitatu Tết zuva, zvakare pakutanga kweZhizha, tinokupa nemwoyo wose nezvipiriso zvakadai semichero nemaruva, betel uye doro, pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu zvese zvinodiwa, tichivimba kuti uchafarira uye nekuropafadza mhuri yedu yese, vadiki pamwe vanhu vakuru, vane hutano hwakawanda uye rugare.
Tinokumbira neruremekedzo madzitateguru edu, madzitateguru, vanababamunini, vanababamunini, hama nehanzvadzi kuti tifarire zvipiriso izvi.
Isu tinokokawo neruremekedzo Genius weNzeth uye vedu Kicheni Mwari kubatana nemadzitateguru edu mukunakidzwa.
NEMABHUKU ETI
… Enderera muchikamu 2…
CHERECHEDZA:
1 Batanidza Muzvinafundo HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Chiremba wePhylosophy muNhoroondo.
2 JB TISSANIER - Nhoroondo dzekufamba kubva kuFrance kuenda kuHumambo hweTonkin, Ibid, mapeji 121 - 146.
3 Sekureva kwa LÊ TRUNG VŨ - Iyo yetsika Tết yeVietnam - Rakatorwa bhuku.
4 Zvinoenderana HOÀNG THẾ MỸ - ĐỖ HOÀNG DUYÊN - Kuteterera pamazuva eTết uye panguva dzeTết uye makufa erufu.
BAN TU THU
01 / 2020
CHERECHEDZA:
◊ Kunobva: Vietnamese Lunar Gore Idzva - Chikuru Mutambo - Asso. Prof. HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Chiremba we phylosophy mu Nhoroondo.
Old Zvinyorwa zveBold uye sepia mifananidzo yakaiswa naBan Tu Thu - gvanevachar.com
ONA DZIMWE:
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◊ Chiratidzo cheizwi rekuti "Tết"
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◊ Kubhadhara kwekupedzisira kukudzwa kuna CÔ KÍ ”(Mukadzi womunyori) pazuva rechipiri reTT
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◊ Vietnam Nyowani Nyowani Gore - vi-VersiGoo
◊ nezvimwewo.