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HUNG NGUYEN MANH ¹

   Pave paine huwandu hwemabhuku mune zvese prose uye vhesi pamusoro Vietnam, kunyanya kubvira pakasvika French uye kuberekwa kwa Quốc Ngữ (National Romanized zvinyorwa), nenyaya dzezvakanyorwa pa Vietnam vava vazhinji uye vakasiyana-siyana. Nekudaro, zvidzidzo izvi hazviwanzo kuitwe nevapendi. Zvimwe, nekuda kweichi, Henri Oger akawana nzvimbo yake mukurekodhesa zviitiko zveVietnam zvezviuru nezviuru zvemapuranga chaiwo ekuveza mateki.

   Kunyangwe chiyero chidiki chinokurudzirwa nemusoro weprojekiti yake: "Matekiniki eAnnamese² vanhu"³ saizvozvo Henri Oger vakaita yekutanga uye yakakura mifananidzo yakajeka inoratidzira kumatunhu epakati ekumusoro kweVietnam, kunyanya Hanoi in 1908 uye 1909.

    Pakutanga kwebhuku rake, Henri Oger akanyora kuti: “Vanyori vane tarenda vanotsanangura havasi vazhinji! Kune rimwe divi, kune vanhu vese, ndangariro yekuona inogara yakadzika. Naizvozvo chikamu chikuru cheichi chirongwa chine madhirowa uye masiketi… Mharidzo yakajeka uye yakarongeka - ndiyo inonyanya kukosha muunganidzwa uyu. Haisi chigadzirwa chakangoerekana…".⁴

    Henri Oger'Ndima yatavhura nayo inoburitsa kukosha kwemifananidzo iyo isina kubva mukunyepedzera kana kuti kurwadzisa kweanoda.

Mudzidzi wa Mr. Silvain Revhi uye Mr. Finot, mapurofesa eFrench Academy kuCentral College yezvidzidzo zvepamusoro (Prcole pratique des Hautes - vadzidzi) uye paYunivhesiti yeSorbonne muna 1907, Henri Oger yakabvunza Minister weFrance wezveColonial Affairs kuti vapihwe mukana wekuita basa remauto muna 1908-1909 mukati Tonkin nechinangwa chekuwana magariro akanaka ekutsvagisa kwake kumhuri yeVietnamese vachishandisa nzira ye monographic.

     Achizvibatira pane iyi nzira, Henri Oger yakarongedza basa rake rekutsvagura mune zvinotevera zvidzidzo:

1. Iyi indasitiri iyo midziyo yayo inobviswa kubva kune zvakasikwa.
2. Iyo yekugadzira indasitiri ine zvigadzirwa zvinobva kune zvakasikwa.
3. Iyi indasitiri inoshandisa zvigadzirwa zvakakwenenzverwa.
4. Ruzhinji uye hwepamoyo.

     Nezve ruzhinji nerwepamoyo, Henri Oger ikakamura 11 sub-masomo kusanganisira shamanism nekushopera, mishonga yechivanhu, kupenda vanhu, mitambo nematoyi, TếtKupemberera Mwaka Idzva Mutambo) nemitambo yemitambo.

   Kutaura Vietnam's Kupemberera Mwaka Idzva mhemberero nemhemberero dzechivanhu, Henri Oger akatipa zvakajeka pane iyo nzvimbo yakavezwa pane tsika nemaitiro munguva yakapfuura yenhoroondo, iyo koloni semi-feudalist nhanho, mazhinji ayo asisiri chikamu chemazuva ano veVietnam.

    The Vanhu veVietnamese, Kubvira panguva dzekare, iine nyoro mupunga budiriro, vane mhemberero zhinji dzechinyakare nemhemberero dzevanhu dzakazara nekukosha uye mufaro. Zvinosanganisira mutambo mutsva wemupunga wakaitwa pakupera kwechirimo chemuchirimo kumhemberero yekuvhima, kupera-kwe-chirimo uye kutanga-kwezhizha kwemhemberero senge mwedzi wekutanga kunaya uye zvipembenene kuuraya mhemberero… Iwo akateedzana emazuva etsika. Kunyanya, kuoneka muchando, iyo Madzitateguru eVietnam vakapemberera Mutambo mukuru kana Kupemberera Mwaka Idzva Mutambo. Kunze kwezvo, pakanga paine mabiko pakati pemwedzi 1 wemutambo wechiBhudha pakati pemwedzi wechinomwe uye wepakati- Autumn festival yevana (zvese zvinoenderana neKarenda yeLunar)… Zvinoenderana netsika dzechivanhu, tsika dzekunamata madzitateguru dzinozowira musi wechitatu wemwedzi wechitatu (in spring), zuva re5 remwedzi wechishanu (muzhizha), zuva repfumbamwe romwedzi wepfumbamwe (munguva yekuvhuvhu) uye pazuva re22 remwedzi wechigumi nemaviri (winter solstice. Kuverenga uku kwese kunoenderana nekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze mugore uye pakarenda yekurima yeEast. Mutambo wega wega uye mutambo une chinyorwa chayo uye pane idzi dzetsika nemitambo yemitambo Vanhu veVietnamese vakaita mabasa, makuru kana madiki, munharaunda imwe kana munyika yese.

CHERECHEDZA:
¹  Batanidza Muzvinafundo HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Chiremba wePhylosophy muNhoroondo.
²  Izwi rekuti "Annamite" rakashandiswa mumusoro webhuku raingoshandiswa chete pasi pevaFrance colonies, nenzira yekuzvidza. 
³ HENRI OGER - Technique du peuple Annamite (Matekiniki eVanhu veAnnamese- 114 Jules Ferry Mugwagwa - Hanoi (1908 - 1909).
⁴  HENRI OGER (Zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa pahunyanzvi, ethnography uye magariro avanhu veChina neIndochina - General kusimudzira kuongororwa kwehunyanzvi hwevanhu Annamese maitiro - Essay pane Annamese Vanhu hupenyu hwepanyama, hunyanzvi uye maindasitiri- 2 mavhoriyamu) - rakaburitswa naGeuthner, Jouve & Cie muParis 1919.

BAN TU THU
01 / 2020

CHERECHEDZA:
◊ Kunobva: Vietnamese Inotangira Nyanya Nyowani - Major festival - Asso. Prof. HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Chiremba we phylosophy mu Nhoroondo.
Old Zvinyorwa zveBold uye sepia mifananidzo yakaiswa naBan Tu Thu - gvanevachar.com

ONA DZIMWE:
◊  Chiratidzo cheizwi rekuti "Tết"
◊  Kunetsekana kwevanhu vanotarisira - Kunetseka nehuku nemakeke.
◊  Vietnam Nyowani Nyowani Gore - vi-VersiGoo
◊ nezvimwewo.