Kunetsekana kweVANODZIDZA VANHU - Kunetsekana kweKITCHEN uye KAKATI
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HUNG NGUYEN MANH 1
Muhupenyu hwavo hwekurima, vanhu veVietnam vanogara vachirarama nematambudziko, mafashama… tisingatauri nezvehondo… Nechikonzero ichocho, pakugadzirira kunakidzwa nekufambiswa Teth nguva, ivo Vietnamese inofanirwa kuziva nzira yekupa zvese ... Izvi zvinonetsa hazviwanze kukwezva kutariswa kwevaongorori Zvidzidzo zveVietnamese sezvavanovanzika muhupenyuwo hwese hweVietnam. Mune yedu ikozvino nyaya, pasi pemeso emuongorori H. Oger, zvese zvinofanirwa kuve pachena pachiedza.
Kunetseka kweCHICKEN neAKAKI
Tisati tapinda mumba, tinofanirwa kumira kwekanguva kumberi kwegedhi kuti titarise zvakatenderedza. Zvakafanana kana tichigadzirira kugamuchira Kupemberera Mwaka Idzva Mutambo. Isu tinofanirwa kutora nyore nyore nekutsungirira kukuru uye tinofanira kuziva kumirira uye kunakidzwa nemazuva apfuura pamberi pemutambo wakanaka zvakadaro zvine mutsindo.
Chekutanga pane zvese zvatinofanira kutevera HENRI OGER kushanyira zviri nani kuita mhuri. Chinangwa chedu chikuru hachisi kuona kuti mhuri inogadzira sei kurongedza mumba kana icho chaakatenga mukugadzirira mabiko. Donzvo redu ndere kutarisa huku dzemhuri kana iyo pigsty (Mufananidzo 4)
Kune veVietnamese, kunyangwe Kupemberera Mwaka Idzva Mutambo inonzi inocherechedzwa kwemazuva matatu chete, kutaura zvazviri kugadzirira kwayo kunoitwa kunenge gore rose. Chicken uye nguruve vanomutswa mangwanani kuti vakure uye vagokura pamwe nenguva ye Kupemberera Mwaka Idzva Mutambo. Nezve idzo mhuri dzinokwanisa kugadzira bánh chhui (keke remawere rakagadzirwa nemupunga unodzvinyirira, bhinzi nyoro uye nyama yenguruve, uye yakarukwa nemashizha emuti weMaranta) vanofanirwa kugadzira mupunga wakakora, bhinzi yakasvibira… kubvira kutanga kwaZvita. Kunyangwe mashizha emaranta, matepi emishenjere anofanirwa kugadzirirwa pamberi, kwete kumirira kusvika mazuva apfuura New Year festival. Vanogadzirira sei zvinhu izvi? Kune avo vane zvirimwa zvekurima gadheni, vanofanirwa kutora gore rose mashizha akadonha mashizha ndokuachengeta pamusoro pechitofu chavo kukicheni yekuputira giò (nyama yenguruve kana nyama yemombe)!
Panyaya yekugadzira makeke akaenzana, iyo mhuri iyo inoshandiswa kuputira makeke nemashizha emaranta akabikwa, mushure mekunge mashizha abikwa zvakanaka, anosunga akasungirirwa pambiru dzeimba kuti ishandiswe. Kune iyo mhuri dzinosarudza keke rakaputirwa nemashizha matsva (mashizha asina kubikwa) kuti chengetedza keke isina kuvhurwa ikasvibira, ivo vanofanirwa kutenga mashizha kubva pakati paZvita sezvo mutengo wemashizha emaranta unowanzochinja zvakanyanya mukati memazuva ekupedzisira egore.
Nezve poto ye "bánh chhui"(mraba glutinous mupunga keke) mhando yekeke iyo isingagoni kusiyiwa mu 3 mazuva ye Vietnamese tsika Ttt.
The "Bánh chhui”Inoda maviri makuru ekushandisa: inonamira mupunga uye nyama yenguruve. Munyika yekumaodzanyemba, pakati pevashoma "a"(chegumi chimwe chema mauu kana anenge mazana matatu kusvika mazana mana emamita) yeminda yemupunga inoshandiswa kudyara mupunga, mhuri imwe neimwe yaishandisa kuchengetedza mashoma mashoma kudyara mupunga unonwisa mvura (Fig. 5).
Asi mupunga wakasarudzika wakasarudzwa unofanirwa kunge uri wera inoyerera inonamira mupunga kana iyo inonhuhwirira hadzi iyo ine zviyo zvakafanana zvinoita kuti mupunga unonamira uitwe chaizvo kutendeuka. Iyo nyama yenguruve inoshandiswa kugadzirira keke inofanirwa kunge iriyo imwe yenguruve dzakakodzwa kubva pamwedzi wechinomwe kana wechi7. Vamwe vakafanoona vanhu vanototanga kuneta nguruve yavo kubva kumwedzi wechishanu mupunga kuti ivo varemi zana emakiromita kuTết.
Kumaruwa kuNorth, kune mhuri dzine nhengo dzinoshanda, vatengesi, vatengesi… vasina kana wekuchengeta minda yemupunga, yekukodza nguruve, saka vanofanirwa kuunganidza mhuri shanu kana nomwe pamwechete kuti dziumbe mhando kushamwaridzana kudiki (izwi rinowanzozivikanwa muVietnamese nderinoti “đánh đụng”Zvichireva kuuraya uye kugovana)Hội bánh chưng"(Sangano rekugovana mraba glutinous keke), "Hội giò"(Sangano rekugovana nyama paste. Iye munhu anotarisira rudzi irworwo rweshamwari diki aunganidzira, zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemhuri yega yega, mari yakakura kana diki yemari yekuwodza nguruve, kudyara mupunga kana kutenga mupunga. Nekudaro, kana T comest ichisvika, iyo shamwari diki ine mupunga wakakwana uye nyama yenguruve yekugadzira makadzi emakeke emakeke uye nyama nyama inofarira nhengo dzayo.
Nezve zvimwe zvinowedzera zvinhu senge bhinzi dzakasvibirira kana mashizha marenta, dzimwe nhengo dzinogona kuzvitarisira. Iyi tsika inogona kuvezwa yenyama panguva dzakasiyana nenzvimbo, asi isu tinogona kuzvitsanangura nenzira inotevera: Makore ese, kazhinji kutanga kubva kuma20 pagumi nemwedzi wegumi nemaviri, iwo madiki masangano ekugovana glutinous square makeke uye nyama pastesbegin kubvunzana kuuraya nguruve, cheka nyama yenguruve, tenga mupunga unonamira (Fig.6), uye govera bhinzi dzakasvibirira uye mashizha marenta.
Nezve yenguruve, mushure mekugovera, chinhu chete chinosara ndeyemukati, nhengo dzesonganiro dzaibika ipapo vozoungana kuti vange vaine doro. Mushure meizvozvo, iyo shumiro yemubatanidzwa inoonekwa seyakapedzwa, mumwe wakamirira gore rinotevera kuti vaunganidze zvakare. Panguva iyoyo, nhamba yenhengo inogona kuwedzera kana kuderera uye munhu ari kutungamira anogona kuenderera mberi nebasa rake kana achine chivimbo cheimwe nhengo. Chiitiko chakabatanidzwa chakadai chinoratidza kubatana "mukukurumidzira" kwevanhu vanogara munzvimbo dzine mvura yemupunga.
Maererano ne Phan Kế Bính pabasa rake rakanzi Tsika dzeVietnam kumaruwa, vanhu vanowanzove neine toni (*) yemakeke akaguta mupunga, toni yenguruve, toni yemombe, toni yemupunga - inowanzozonzi toni yekunakidzwa Ttt. Tontine mubhengi anounganidza mwedzi wega wega imwe mari kubva kunhengo anobva anoshandisa mari iyoyo kuita imwe purofiti, uye kana panopera gore, iyo mari yese yaizoshandiswa kutenga nzombe, nguruve uye mupunga kugadzira makeke uye kuagovana pakati penhengo tontine kunakidzwa Ttt. Iyi fomu ye tontine inomanikidza munhu mumwe nemumwe kubhadhara zvishoma zvishoma zvishoma mari shoma, nepo ichimubatsira kuti asanetseka kana Ttt anouya. Kazhinji, panguva yeTet, mhuri yega yega yaigadzira hari yemakeke akasvinwa emupunga achishandisa mashanu kana matatu kilos kana kazhinji makiromita gumi emupunga, zvichienderana nemamiriro emhuri emhuri, uye chirongo chehanyanisi chakakangwa kuti udyiwe nemafuta. uye yakaomeswa keke remupunga keke sezvakataurwa nemutongo: "nyama yakakora, hanyanisi dzakachekwa uye mutsvuku wakaenzana mutsara.. Kunze kwezvo, vanhu-vekanaka vanhu vanogona zvakare kuva neyakawedzera poto yenyama yakakora kana poto yeuswa huswa hwakavhengwa hove dzakachengetwa dzakadziyirwa mune mupunga husk kana vese vari vaviri. Vanhu vakapfuma vanogona kugadzira nyama yenguruve-pie.
Kunze kwezvibodzwa zvakataurwa, imwe mhuri inochengetawo cockerel (jongwe risati rambowaridza chero huku) ichauraiwa kana mhuri ichipa zvipiriso panguva yekuchinja. Zvakanaka kuita mhuri dzichiri kugadzirira capon, yakaneta kubva pamwedzi wechi9 kana wechigumi negore, pakufunga mabiko ekuitira vaenzi vavo vanoremekedzwa Teth.2
Kunze kwenyama uye makeke, mumwe anofanirawo kunetseka nezve madiki madiki eakacherwa anyezi akagadziriswa kubva kutanga kwaZvita kuti ashandiswe New Year festival (Fig.7)
Vanofanirawo kutungidza nekuchekerera magadheni avo kuti miti yavo izare nemichero nemaruva panguva yemutambo. Kuti izvi zviitike, ivo vanofanirwa kuwana hunyanzvi uye hunyanzvi hwetimu tsika, kunyorerana pasi, kumhara, kushambadza mashizha, bud-kuwedzera nekuita maruva. Kana ari narcissus ane maruva endarama anonhuhwirira anotumbuka maruva kutanga kwematsutso, iwo anofanirwa kutora uye kutanha chirimwa icho kubva pakutanga kwemwedzi wegumi nemaviri.
HENRI OGER akatipa mufananidzo wemugadziri wegadheni anotora maruva awoFig.8) kuita kuti chirimwa chibudirire mukuda kwake.
Kunze kwemaruva uye zvishongedzo zvinomera zvinomera (Fig.9), vanhu vanofarirawo chena apurikoti, camellia, kumquat, tsvuku uye chena pichisi, bignonia… uye michero zvakajairika. Zvese izvi zvinhu zvakagadzirirwa uye zvinochengetwa pamberi pemutambo.
Kutaura nezve michero, kutaurwa kunofanirwa kuve kunogadzirwa neiyo tiketi yemichero mishanu inowanzoonekwa muVietnam kumaruwa panguva Kupemberera Mwaka Idzva Mutambo. Zvemadhorobha, kumquats zvinogoneka. Tereti yemichero mishanu inoiswa paatari yemadzitateguru apo kumquat muti yakarongedzwa mukati meimba. Izvi zvinhu zvinoita kuti mutambo wemutambo uwedzere kufara uye zvakakodzera. Kumquat muti inowanzoiswa muhari yakagadzirirwa ine swamp-eel ganda rerudzi rakagadzirwa muHongkong, Thổ Hào or Que Quao ndivo vanozivikanwa vanogadzira mapundu enameled mapoto uye mbiya. Kumquat miti dzinochengeterwa zvine hunyanzvi kuti dzive dzakaremerwa nemichero mikuru mhuru, yegoridhe neyegirazi, mashizha awo anopenya kwete girini yakasviba, uye tsinde dzadzo dzinokura zvine mutsindo nemapazi akasimba uye mumvuri unotenderera. Connoisseurs vane yakanaka yekufarira inokosha kumquats yemarudzi eVietnam.
Rutivi kubva pane izvi zvakaparadzana gadziriro, zvinoenderana nenzvimbo uye mhuri, iyo Vietnamese kazhinji vaiita chimwe chinhu pamwe chete kugadzirira mazuva matatu a Kupemberera Mwaka Idzva Mutambo. Yave iri tsika yechinyakare, semuenzaniso, tsika yekudyidzana pamwe chete mukugadzira matiki emakeke kana nyama yekubika. Zvinoenderana nemaitiro aya, vanhu vanofanirwa kuita mari pamwedzi yekubhadhara mari, chimwe chikamu chinopihwa muchengeti wehomwe uyo akapiwa mari iyi yekushandisa yakaunganidzwa kutenga mupunga unonaka, bhinzi nyoro uye nyama yenguruve yekugadzira makeke izvo zvichagoverwa zvakaenzana kune umwe neumwe mubati weko New Year festival.
Nekuda kwemaitiro aya, vane chekugovera havana kungotora mukana wewakawanda wakanaka mari yakapihwa kune mumwe nemumwe wavo zvakarongeka pamwedzi kuronga asi vakanzwawo zvakareruka kana kuuya kwemutambo nekuti ivo havabatikana uye nekukurumidza kumhanya mushure mekutenga zvinhu zvinodiwa zvetsika Kupemberera Mwaka Idzva Mutambo.
Kugadziriswa kwe Kupemberera Mwaka Idzva Mutambo (Ttt) haisi kungozvifunga kwevamwe varimi vakabatikana gore rese nekudyara kwemupunga asiwo kunetseka kwakawanda kwekutengesa madenderedzwa nemauto. Pagore, vatengesi vanowanzo tumira mirairo yavo pakutenga zvinhu zvinodiwa panguva yepakati pegore kuitira kuti vagone kutengesa marudzi ese ezvimwe zvinhu pamusika weT fromt kubva pakati paZvita, kunyanya vafambi uye vanopisa moto.
CHERECHEDZA:
1 Batanidza Muzvinafundo HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Chiremba wePhylosophy muNhoroondo.
2 Tontine ibhajeti iyo iro boka revanhu rinopa Izwi rekuti tontine rinobva kuna Lorenzo Tonti, Neapolitan Banker uyo akaunza hurongwa uhu muFrance muzana ramakore regumi nemana.
3 Sekureva kwa LÊ TRUNG VŨ - Tsika Tết yeVietnam.
BAN TU THU
01 / 2020
CHERECHEDZA:
◊ Kunobva: Vietnamese Inotangira Nyanya Nyowani - Major festival - Asso. Prof. HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Chiremba we phylosophy mu Nhoroondo.
Old Zvinyorwa zveBold uye sepia mifananidzo yakaiswa naBan Tu Thu - gvanevachar.com
ONA DZIMWE:
◊ Kubva ku Sketches mukutanga kwezana ramakore re20 kune tsika dzechinyakare uye mutambo.
◊ Chiratidzo cheizwi rekuti "Tết"
◊ Kupemberera Mwaka Idzva Mutambo
◊ Kunetsekana kweVADZIDZISI VANHU - Kunetsekana nekuSIMA - Chikamu 1
◊ Kunetsekana kweVADZIDZISI VANHU - Kunetsekana nekuSIMA - Chikamu 2
◊ Vietnam Nyowani Nyowani Gore - vi-VersiGoo
◊ nezvimwewo.